Use ref readonly

src/LibHac/Bcat/DeliveryCacheDirectoryEntry.cs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ public struct DeliveryCacheDirectoryEntry
     public long Size;
     public Digest Digest;
 
-    public DeliveryCacheDirectoryEntry(in FileName name, long size, in Digest digest)
+    public DeliveryCacheDirectoryEntry(ref readonly FileName name, long size, ref readonly Digest digest)
     {
         Name = name;
         Size = size;

src/LibHac/Bcat/Impl/Ipc/IDeliveryCacheDirectoryService.cs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Bcat.Impl.Ipc;
 
 public interface IDeliveryCacheDirectoryService : IDisposable
 {
-    Result Open(ref DirectoryName name);
+    Result Open(ref readonly DirectoryName name);
     Result Read(out int entriesRead, Span<DeliveryCacheDirectoryEntry> entryBuffer);
     Result GetCount(out int count);
 }

src/LibHac/Bcat/Impl/Ipc/IDeliveryCacheFileService.cs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Bcat.Impl.Ipc;
 
 public interface IDeliveryCacheFileService : IDisposable
 {
-    Result Open(ref DirectoryName directoryName, ref FileName fileName);
+    Result Open(ref readonly DirectoryName directoryName, ref readonly FileName fileName);
     Result Read(out long bytesRead, long offset, Span<byte> destination);
     Result GetSize(out long size);
     Result GetDigest(out Digest digest);

src/LibHac/Bcat/Impl/Service/Core/DeliveryCacheFileMetaAccessor.cs

@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheFileMetaAccessor
         Server = server;
     }
 
-    public Result ReadApplicationFileMeta(ulong applicationId, ref DirectoryName directoryName,
+    public Result ReadApplicationFileMeta(ulong applicationId, ref readonly DirectoryName directoryName,
         bool allowMissingMetaFile)
     {
         Span<byte> metaPath = stackalloc byte[0x50];
-        Server.GetStorageManager().GetFilesMetaPath(metaPath, applicationId, ref directoryName);
+        Server.GetStorageManager().GetFilesMetaPath(metaPath, applicationId, in directoryName);
 
         return Read(new U8Span(metaPath), allowMissingMetaFile);
     }
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheFileMetaAccessor
         }
     }
 
-    public Result FindEntry(out DeliveryCacheFileMetaEntry entry, ref FileName fileName)
+    public Result FindEntry(out DeliveryCacheFileMetaEntry entry, ref readonly FileName fileName)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out entry);
 

src/LibHac/Bcat/Impl/Service/Core/DeliveryCacheStorageManager.cs

@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheStorageManager
         }
     }
 
-    public void GetFilePath(Span<byte> pathBuffer, ulong applicationId, ref DirectoryName directoryName,
-        ref FileName fileName)
+    public void GetFilePath(Span<byte> pathBuffer, ulong applicationId, ref readonly DirectoryName directoryName,
+        ref readonly FileName fileName)
     {
         // returns "mount:/directories/%s/files/%s", directoryName, fileName
         lock (_locker)
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheStorageManager
         }
     }
 
-    public void GetFilesMetaPath(Span<byte> pathBuffer, ulong applicationId, ref DirectoryName directoryName)
+    public void GetFilesMetaPath(Span<byte> pathBuffer, ulong applicationId, ref readonly DirectoryName directoryName)
     {
         // returns "mount:/directories/%s/files.meta", directoryName
         lock (_locker)
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheStorageManager
         }
     }
 
-    public void GetDirectoryPath(Span<byte> pathBuffer, ulong applicationId, ref DirectoryName directoryName)
+    public void GetDirectoryPath(Span<byte> pathBuffer, ulong applicationId, ref readonly DirectoryName directoryName)
     {
         // returns "mount:/directories/%s", directoryName
         lock (_locker)

src/LibHac/Bcat/Impl/Service/DeliveryCacheDirectoryService.cs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheDirectoryService : IDeliveryCacheDirectoryService
         Access = accessControl;
     }
 
-    public Result Open(ref DirectoryName name)
+    public Result Open(ref readonly DirectoryName name)
     {
         if (!name.IsValid())
             return ResultBcat.InvalidArgument.Log();
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheDirectoryService : IDeliveryCacheDirectoryService
                 return ResultBcat.AlreadyOpen.Log();
 
             var metaReader = new DeliveryCacheFileMetaAccessor(Server);
-            Result res = metaReader.ReadApplicationFileMeta(ApplicationId, ref name, false);
+            Result res = metaReader.ReadApplicationFileMeta(ApplicationId, in name, false);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
             Count = metaReader.Count;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheDirectoryService : IDeliveryCacheDirectoryService
                 return ResultBcat.NotOpen.Log();
 
             var metaReader = new DeliveryCacheFileMetaAccessor(Server);
-            Result res = metaReader.ReadApplicationFileMeta(ApplicationId, ref _name, true);
+            Result res = metaReader.ReadApplicationFileMeta(ApplicationId, in _name, true);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
             int i;

src/LibHac/Bcat/Impl/Service/DeliveryCacheFileService.cs

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheFileService : IDeliveryCacheFileService
         Access = accessControl;
     }
 
-    public Result Open(ref DirectoryName directoryName, ref FileName fileName)
+    public Result Open(ref readonly DirectoryName directoryName, ref readonly FileName fileName)
     {
         if (!directoryName.IsValid())
             return ResultBcat.InvalidArgument.Log();
@@ -43,14 +43,14 @@ internal class DeliveryCacheFileService : IDeliveryCacheFileService
                 return ResultBcat.AlreadyOpen.Log();
 
             var metaReader = new DeliveryCacheFileMetaAccessor(Server);
-            Result res = metaReader.ReadApplicationFileMeta(ApplicationId, ref directoryName, true);
+            Result res = metaReader.ReadApplicationFileMeta(ApplicationId, in directoryName, true);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
-            res = metaReader.FindEntry(out DeliveryCacheFileMetaEntry entry, ref fileName);
+            res = metaReader.FindEntry(out DeliveryCacheFileMetaEntry entry, in fileName);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
             Span<byte> filePath = stackalloc byte[0x80];
-            Server.GetStorageManager().GetFilePath(filePath, ApplicationId, ref directoryName, ref fileName);
+            Server.GetStorageManager().GetFilePath(filePath, ApplicationId, in directoryName, in fileName);
 
             res = Server.GetFsClient().OpenFile(out _handle, new U8Span(filePath), OpenMode.Read);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();

src/LibHac/Boot/Package1.cs

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public class Package1
     public ref readonly Package1Pk11Header Pk11Header => ref _pk11Header;
     public ref readonly Array16<byte> Pk11Mac => ref _pk11Mac;
 
-    public Result Initialize(KeySet keySet, in SharedRef<IStorage> storage)
+    public Result Initialize(KeySet keySet, ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> storage)
     {
         KeySet = keySet;
         _baseStorage.SetByCopy(in storage);

src/LibHac/Boot/Package2StorageReader.cs

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class Package2StorageReader : IDisposable
     /// <param name="keySet">The keyset to use for decrypting the package.</param>
     /// <param name="storage">An <see cref="IStorage"/> of the encrypted package2.</param>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the operation.</returns>
-    public Result Initialize(KeySet keySet, in SharedRef<IStorage> storage)
+    public Result Initialize(KeySet keySet, ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> storage)
     {
         Result res = storage.Get.Read(0, SpanHelpers.AsByteSpan(ref _header));
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public class Package2StorageReader : IDisposable
         int offset = _header.Meta.GetPayloadFileOffset(index);
         int size = (int)_header.Meta.PayloadSizes[index];
 
-        var payloadSubStorage = new SubStorage(_storage, offset, size);
+        var payloadSubStorage = new SubStorage(in _storage, offset, size);
 
         if (size == 0)
         {
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ public class Package2StorageReader : IDisposable
                 int offset = _header.Meta.GetPayloadFileOffset(i);
                 int size = (int)_header.Meta.PayloadSizes[i];
 
-                var payloadSubStorage = new SubStorage(_storage, offset, size);
+                var payloadSubStorage = new SubStorage(in _storage, offset, size);
 
                 offset = 0;
                 sha.Initialize();
@@ -224,10 +224,10 @@ public class Package2StorageReader : IDisposable
         int encryptedHeaderSize = Unsafe.SizeOf<Package2Header>() - unencryptedHeaderSize;
 
         // Get signature and IV
-        storages.Add(new SubStorage(_storage, 0, unencryptedHeaderSize));
+        storages.Add(new SubStorage(in _storage, 0, unencryptedHeaderSize));
 
         // Open decrypted meta
-        var encMetaStorage = new SubStorage(_storage, unencryptedHeaderSize, encryptedHeaderSize);
+        var encMetaStorage = new SubStorage(in _storage, unencryptedHeaderSize, encryptedHeaderSize);
 
         // The counter starts counting at the beginning of the meta struct, but the first block in
         // the struct isn't encrypted. Increase the counter by one to skip that block.

src/LibHac/Common/Keys/KeySet.cs

@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ public class KeySet
 
     public void DeriveSdCardKeys() => KeyDerivation.DeriveSdCardKeys(this);
 
-    private static RSAParameters CreateRsaParameters(in RsaKey key)
+    private static RSAParameters CreateRsaParameters(ref readonly RsaKey key)
     {
         return new RSAParameters
         {
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ public class KeySet
         };
     }
 
-    private static RSAParameters CreateRsaParameters(in RsaFullKey key)
+    private static RSAParameters CreateRsaParameters(ref readonly RsaFullKey key)
     {
         return new RSAParameters
         {

src/LibHac/Common/Ref.cs

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ public readonly ref struct ReadOnlyRef<T>
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="value">The reference to the target <typeparamref name="T"/> value.</param>
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    public ReadOnlyRef(in T value)
+    public ReadOnlyRef(ref readonly T value)
     {
         _ref = ref value;
     }

src/LibHac/Common/SharedRef.cs

@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ public struct SharedRef<T> : IDisposable where T : class, IDisposable
         return sharedRef;
     }
 
-    public static SharedRef<T> CreateCopy<TFrom>(in SharedRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
+    public static SharedRef<T> CreateCopy<TFrom>(ref readonly SharedRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
     {
         var sharedRef = new SharedRef<T>();
 
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public struct SharedRef<T> : IDisposable where T : class, IDisposable
         return sharedRef;
     }
 
-    public static SharedRef<T> Create<TFrom>(in WeakRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
+    public static SharedRef<T> Create<TFrom>(ref readonly WeakRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
     {
         ref SharedRef<TFrom> otherShared = ref Unsafe.As<WeakRef<TFrom>, SharedRef<TFrom>>(ref Unsafe.AsRef(in other));
 
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ public struct SharedRef<T> : IDisposable where T : class, IDisposable
         oldRefCount?.Decrement();
     }
 
-    public void SetByCopy<TFrom>(in SharedRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
+    public void SetByCopy<TFrom>(ref readonly SharedRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
     {
         RefCount oldRefCount = _refCount;
         RefCount otherRef = other._refCount;
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ public struct WeakRef<T> : IDisposable where T : class, IDisposable
     private T _value;
     private RefCount _refCount;
 
-    public WeakRef(in SharedRef<T> other)
+    public WeakRef(ref readonly SharedRef<T> other)
     {
         this = Create(in other);
     }
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ public struct WeakRef<T> : IDisposable where T : class, IDisposable
         return weakRef;
     }
 
-    public static WeakRef<T> CreateCopy<TFrom>(in WeakRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
+    public static WeakRef<T> CreateCopy<TFrom>(ref readonly WeakRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
     {
         var weakRef = new WeakRef<T>();
 
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ public struct WeakRef<T> : IDisposable where T : class, IDisposable
         return weakRef;
     }
 
-    public static WeakRef<T> Create<TFrom>(in SharedRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
+    public static WeakRef<T> Create<TFrom>(ref readonly SharedRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
     {
         ref readonly WeakRef<TFrom> otherWeak = ref Unsafe.As<SharedRef<TFrom>, WeakRef<TFrom>>(ref Unsafe.AsRef(in other));
 
@@ -398,14 +398,14 @@ public struct WeakRef<T> : IDisposable where T : class, IDisposable
         temp.DisposeInternal();
     }
 
-    public void SetCopy<TFrom>(in WeakRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
+    public void SetCopy<TFrom>(ref readonly WeakRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
     {
         WeakRef<T> temp = CreateCopy(in other);
         Swap(ref temp);
         temp.DisposeInternal();
     }
 
-    public void Set<TFrom>(in SharedRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
+    public void Set<TFrom>(ref readonly SharedRef<TFrom> other) where TFrom : class, T
     {
         WeakRef<T> temp = Create(in other);
         Swap(ref temp);

src/LibHac/Common/SpanHelpers.cs

@@ -60,19 +60,19 @@ public static class SpanHelpers
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    public static ReadOnlySpan<T> CreateReadOnlySpan<T>(in T reference, int length)
+    public static ReadOnlySpan<T> CreateReadOnlySpan<T>(ref readonly T reference, int length)
     {
         return MemoryMarshal.CreateReadOnlySpan(ref Unsafe.AsRef(in reference), length);
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    public static ReadOnlySpan<T> AsReadOnlySpan<T>(in T reference) where T : unmanaged
+    public static ReadOnlySpan<T> AsReadOnlySpan<T>(ref readonly T reference) where T : unmanaged
     {
         return new ReadOnlySpan<T>(in reference);
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    public static ReadOnlySpan<TSpan> AsReadOnlySpan<TStruct, TSpan>(in TStruct reference)
+    public static ReadOnlySpan<TSpan> AsReadOnlySpan<TStruct, TSpan>(ref readonly TStruct reference)
         where TStruct : unmanaged where TSpan : unmanaged
     {
         return CreateReadOnlySpan(in Unsafe.As<TStruct, TSpan>(ref Unsafe.AsRef(in reference)),
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public static class SpanHelpers
     }
 
     [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-    public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> AsReadOnlyByteSpan<T>(in T reference) where T : unmanaged
+    public static ReadOnlySpan<byte> AsReadOnlyByteSpan<T>(ref readonly T reference) where T : unmanaged
     {
         return CreateReadOnlySpan(in Unsafe.As<T, byte>(ref Unsafe.AsRef(in reference)), Unsafe.SizeOf<T>());
     }

src/LibHac/Diag/Abort.cs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public enum AbortReason
 
 public static class Abort
 {
-    internal static void InvokeAbortObserver(in AbortInfo abortInfo)
+    internal static void InvokeAbortObserver(ref readonly AbortInfo abortInfo)
     {
         // Todo
     }

src/LibHac/Diag/Assert.cs

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public enum AssertionFailureOperation
     Continue
 }
 
-public delegate AssertionFailureOperation AssertionFailureHandler(in AssertionInfo assertionInfo);
+public delegate AssertionFailureOperation AssertionFailureHandler(ref readonly AssertionInfo assertionInfo);
 
 public static class Assert
 {
@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ public static class Assert
         }
     }
 
-    private static AssertionFailureOperation DefaultAssertionFailureHandler(in AssertionInfo assertionInfo)
+    private static AssertionFailureOperation DefaultAssertionFailureHandler(ref readonly AssertionInfo assertionInfo)
     {
         return AssertionFailureOperation.Abort;
     }
 
     private static void ExecuteAssertionFailureOperation(AssertionFailureOperation operation,
-        in AssertionInfo assertionInfo)
+        ref readonly AssertionInfo assertionInfo)
     {
         switch (operation)
         {
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public static class Assert
         }
     }
 
-    private static void InvokeAssertionFailureHandler(in AssertionInfo assertionInfo)
+    private static void InvokeAssertionFailureHandler(ref readonly AssertionInfo assertionInfo)
     {
         AssertionFailureOperation operation = _assertionFailureHandler(in assertionInfo);
         ExecuteAssertionFailureOperation(operation, in assertionInfo);
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ public static class Assert
     // Not null SharedRef<T>
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    private static void NotNullImpl<T>(AssertionType assertionType, in SharedRef<T> value,
+    private static void NotNullImpl<T>(AssertionType assertionType, ref readonly SharedRef<T> value,
         string valueText, string functionName, string fileName, int lineNumber) where T : class, IDisposable
     {
         if (AssertImpl.NotNull(in value))
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ public static class Assert
     // Null UniqueRef<T>
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    private static void NullImpl<T>(AssertionType assertionType, in UniqueRef<T> value,
+    private static void NullImpl<T>(AssertionType assertionType, ref readonly UniqueRef<T> value,
         string valueText, string functionName, string fileName, int lineNumber) where T : class, IDisposable
     {
         if (AssertImpl.Null(in value))
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ public static class Assert
     // Null SharedRef<T>
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    private static void NullImpl<T>(AssertionType assertionType, in SharedRef<T> value,
+    private static void NullImpl<T>(AssertionType assertionType, ref readonly SharedRef<T> value,
         string valueText, string functionName, string fileName, int lineNumber) where T : class, IDisposable
     {
         if (AssertImpl.Null(in value))

src/LibHac/Diag/Impl/ObserverManager.cs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ internal class ObserverManager<TObserver, TItem> where TObserver : IObserverHold
     private LinkedList<TObserver> _observers;
     private ReaderWriterLock _rwLock;
 
-    public delegate void Function(ref TObserver observer, in TItem item);
+    public delegate void Function(ref TObserver observer, ref readonly TItem item);
 
     public ObserverManager(HorizonClient hos)
     {
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ internal class ObserverManager<TObserver, TItem> where TObserver : IObserverHold
         _observers.Clear();
     }
 
-    public void InvokeAllObserver(in TItem item, Function function)
+    public void InvokeAllObserver(ref readonly TItem item, Function function)
     {
         using ScopedLock<ReaderWriterLock> lk = ScopedLock.Lock(ref _rwLock);
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ internal class LogObserverManager
     private readonly LinkedList<LogObserverHolder> _observers;
     private ReaderWriterLock _rwLock;
 
-    public delegate void Function(ref LogObserverHolder observer, in LogObserverContext item);
+    public delegate void Function(ref LogObserverHolder observer, ref readonly LogObserverContext item);
 
     public LogObserverManager(HorizonClient hos)
     {
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ internal class LogObserverManager
         _observers.Clear();
     }
 
-    public void InvokeAllObserver(in LogObserverContext item, Function function)
+    public void InvokeAllObserver(ref readonly LogObserverContext item, Function function)
     {
         using ScopedLock<ReaderWriterLock> lk = ScopedLock.Lock(ref _rwLock);
 

src/LibHac/Diag/Log.cs

@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ namespace LibHac.Diag;
 public static class Log
 {
     // Todo: Should we split large logs into smaller chunks like Horizon does?
-    public static void LogImpl(this DiagClientImpl diag, in LogMetaData metaData, ReadOnlySpan<byte> message)
+    public static void LogImpl(this DiagClientImpl diag, ref readonly LogMetaData metaData, ReadOnlySpan<byte> message)
     {
         diag.PutImpl(in metaData, message);
     }
 
-    public static void PutImpl(this DiagClientImpl diag, in LogMetaData metaData, ReadOnlySpan<byte> message)
+    public static void PutImpl(this DiagClientImpl diag, ref readonly LogMetaData metaData, ReadOnlySpan<byte> message)
     {
         var logBody = new LogBody
         {

src/LibHac/Diag/LogObserver.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ using LibHac.Diag.Impl;
 
 namespace LibHac.Diag
 {
-    public delegate void LogObserver(in LogMetaData metaData, in LogBody body, object arguments);
+    public delegate void LogObserver(ref readonly LogMetaData metaData, ref readonly LogBody body, object arguments);
 
     internal struct LogObserverGlobals
     {
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@ namespace LibHac.Diag
             diag.Impl.GetLogObserverManager().UnregisterObserver(observerHolder);
         }
 
-        private static void TentativeDefaultLogObserver(in LogMetaData metaData, in LogBody body, object arguments)
+        private static void TentativeDefaultLogObserver(ref readonly LogMetaData metaData, ref readonly LogBody body,
+            object arguments)
         {
 
         }
@@ -61,7 +62,8 @@ namespace LibHac.Diag
             return g.Manager;
         }
 
-        internal static void CallAllLogObserver(this DiagClientImpl diag, in LogMetaData metaData, in LogBody body)
+        internal static void CallAllLogObserver(this DiagClientImpl diag, ref readonly LogMetaData metaData,
+            ref readonly LogBody body)
         {
             var context = new LogObserverContext
             {
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Diag
 
             manager.InvokeAllObserver(in context, InvokeFunction);
 
-            static void InvokeFunction(ref LogObserverHolder holder, in LogObserverContext item)
+            static void InvokeFunction(ref LogObserverHolder holder, ref readonly LogObserverContext item)
             {
                 holder.Observer(in item.MetaData, in item.Body, holder.Arguments);
             }

src/LibHac/Fs/AccessLog.cs

@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Fs.Impl
 
     public static class AccessLogImpl
     {
-        internal static T DereferenceOutValue<T>(in T value, Result result) where T : unmanaged
+        internal static T DereferenceOutValue<T>(ref readonly T value, Result result) where T : unmanaged
         {
             return result.IsSuccess() ? value : default;
         }

src/LibHac/Fs/Common/FileStorage.cs

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ public class FileStorageBasedFileSystem : FileStorage
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist or is a directory.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.TargetLocked"/>: When opening as <see cref="OpenMode.Write"/>,
     /// the file is already opened as <see cref="OpenMode.Write"/>.</returns>
-    public Result Initialize(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    public Result Initialize(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         using var baseFile = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
 

src/LibHac/Fs/Common/Path.cs

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public static class PathExtensions
     /// <returns>A reference to the given <see cref="Path"/>.</returns>
 #pragma warning disable LH0001 // DoNotCopyValue
 #pragma warning disable CS8500 // This takes the address of, gets the size of, or declares a pointer to a managed type
-    public static unsafe ref Path Ref(this scoped in Path path)
+    public static unsafe ref Path Ref(this scoped ref readonly Path path)
     {
         fixed (Path* p = &path)
         {
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public static class PathExtensions
         return ref *p;
     }
 
-    public static unsafe bool IsNullRef(in Path path)
+    public static unsafe bool IsNullRef(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         fixed (Path* p = &path)
         {
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public static class PathExtensions
         }
     }
 
-    public static unsafe bool IsNullRef(in int path)
+    public static unsafe bool IsNullRef(ref readonly int path)
     {
         fixed (int* p = &path)
         {
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public ref struct Path
         /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
         /// <see cref="ResultFs.NotNormalized"/>: The <c>IsNormalized</c> flag of
         /// <paramref name="path"/> is not <see langword="true"/>.</returns>
-        public Result Initialize(scoped in Path path)
+        public Result Initialize(scoped ref readonly Path path)
         {
             if (!path._isNormalized)
                 return ResultFs.NotNormalized.Log();
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ public ref struct Path
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.NotNormalized"/>: The <c>IsNormalized</c> flag of
     /// <paramref name="other"/> is not <see langword="true"/>.</returns>
-    public Result Initialize(scoped in Path other)
+    public Result Initialize(scoped ref readonly Path other)
     {
         if (!other._isNormalized)
             return ResultFs.NotNormalized.Log();
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ public ref struct Path
     /// because <see cref="Stored"/> paths are always normalized upon initialization.</remarks>
     /// <param name="other">The <see cref="Stored"/> path used to initialize this <see cref="Path"/>.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.</returns>
-    public Result Initialize(scoped in Stored other)
+    public Result Initialize(scoped ref readonly Stored other)
     {
         int otherLength = other.GetLength();
 
@@ -840,7 +840,7 @@ public ref struct Path
     /// <param name="parent">The <see cref="Path"/> to insert.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.NotImplemented"/>: The path provided in <paramref name="parent"/> is a Windows path.</returns>
-    public Result InsertParent(scoped in Path parent)
+    public Result InsertParent(scoped ref readonly Path parent)
     {
         return InsertParent(parent.GetString());
     }
@@ -933,7 +933,7 @@ public ref struct Path
     /// path is not normalized yet the <c>IsNormalized</c> flag is still <see langword="true"/>.</remarks>
     /// <param name="child">The child <see cref="Path"/> to append to the current path.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.</returns>
-    public Result AppendChild(scoped in Path child)
+    public Result AppendChild(scoped ref readonly Path child)
     {
         return AppendChild(child.GetString());
     }
@@ -949,7 +949,7 @@ public ref struct Path
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.NotNormalized"/>: The <c>IsNormalized</c> flag of either
     /// <paramref name="path1"/> or <paramref name="path2"/> is not <see langword="true"/>.</returns>
-    public Result Combine(scoped in Path path1, scoped in Path path2)
+    public Result Combine(scoped ref readonly Path path1, scoped ref readonly Path path2)
     {
         int path1Length = path1.GetLength();
         int path2Length = path2.GetLength();
@@ -985,7 +985,7 @@ public ref struct Path
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.NotNormalized"/>: The <c>IsNormalized</c> flag of
     /// <paramref name="path1"/> is not <see langword="true"/>.</returns>
-    public Result Combine(scoped in Path path1, scoped ReadOnlySpan<byte> path2)
+    public Result Combine(scoped ref readonly Path path1, scoped ReadOnlySpan<byte> path2)
     {
         int path1Length = path1.GetLength();
         int path2Length = StringUtils.GetLength(path2);
@@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@ public ref struct Path
     /// <param name="path1">The first path to combine.</param>
     /// <param name="path2">The second path to combine.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.</returns>
-    public Result Combine(scoped ReadOnlySpan<byte> path1, scoped in Path path2)
+    public Result Combine(scoped ReadOnlySpan<byte> path1, scoped ref readonly Path path2)
     {
         int path1Length = StringUtils.GetLength(path1);
         int path2Length = path2.GetLength();

src/LibHac/Fs/Common/PathUtility.cs

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public static class PathUtility
         return path[length - 1] == DirectorySeparator || path[length - 1] == AltDirectorySeparator;
     }
 
-    public static bool IsDirectoryPath(in FspPath path)
+    public static bool IsDirectoryPath(ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         return IsDirectoryPath(SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyByteSpan(in path));
     }

src/LibHac/Fs/Common/SaveDataTypes.cs

@@ -265,8 +265,8 @@ public struct SaveDataCreationInfo2
     public int MetaSize;
     public Array356<byte> Reserved4;
 
-    public static Result Make(out SaveDataCreationInfo2 creationInfo, in SaveDataAttribute attribute, long size,
-        long journalSize, long blockSize, ulong ownerId, SaveDataFlags flags, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
+    public static Result Make(out SaveDataCreationInfo2 creationInfo, in SaveDataAttribute attribute,
+        long size, long journalSize, long blockSize, ulong ownerId, SaveDataFlags flags, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
         SaveDataFormatType formatType)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out creationInfo);

src/LibHac/Fs/Fsa/IAttributeFileSystem.cs

@@ -3,28 +3,28 @@
 // ReSharper disable once InconsistentNaming
 public abstract class IAttributeFileSystem : IFileSystem
 {
-    public Result CreateDirectory(in Path path, NxFileAttributes archiveAttribute)
+    public Result CreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path, NxFileAttributes archiveAttribute)
     {
         return DoCreateDirectory(in path, archiveAttribute);
     }
 
-    public Result GetFileAttributes(out NxFileAttributes attributes, in Path path)
+    public Result GetFileAttributes(out NxFileAttributes attributes, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoGetFileAttributes(out attributes, in path);
     }
 
-    public Result SetFileAttributes(in Path path, NxFileAttributes attributes)
+    public Result SetFileAttributes(ref readonly Path path, NxFileAttributes attributes)
     {
         return DoSetFileAttributes(in path, attributes);
     }
 
-    public Result GetFileSize(out long fileSize, in Path path)
+    public Result GetFileSize(out long fileSize, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoGetFileSize(out fileSize, in path);
     }
 
-    protected abstract Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path, NxFileAttributes archiveAttribute);
-    protected abstract Result DoGetFileAttributes(out NxFileAttributes attributes, in Path path);
-    protected abstract Result DoSetFileAttributes(in Path path, NxFileAttributes attributes);
-    protected abstract Result DoGetFileSize(out long fileSize, in Path path);
+    protected abstract Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path, NxFileAttributes archiveAttribute);
+    protected abstract Result DoGetFileAttributes(out NxFileAttributes attributes, ref readonly Path path);
+    protected abstract Result DoSetFileAttributes(ref readonly Path path, NxFileAttributes attributes);
+    protected abstract Result DoGetFileSize(out long fileSize, ref readonly Path path);
 }

src/LibHac/Fs/Fsa/IFileSystem.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The parent directory of the specified path does not exist.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathAlreadyExists"/>: Specified path already exists as either a file or directory.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.UsableSpaceNotEnough"/>: Insufficient free space to create the file.</returns>
-    public Result CreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    public Result CreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         if (size < 0)
             return ResultFs.OutOfRange.Log();
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The parent directory of the specified path does not exist.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathAlreadyExists"/>: Specified path already exists as either a file or directory.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.UsableSpaceNotEnough"/>: Insufficient free space to create the file.</returns>
-    public Result CreateFile(in Path path, long size)
+    public Result CreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size)
     {
         return CreateFile(in path, size, CreateFileOptions.None);
     }
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="path">The full path of the file to delete.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist or is a directory.</returns>
-    public Result DeleteFile(in Path path)
+    public Result DeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoDeleteFile(in path);
     }
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The parent directory of the specified path does not exist.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathAlreadyExists"/>: Specified path already exists as either a file or directory.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.UsableSpaceNotEnough"/>: Insufficient free space to create the directory.</returns>
-    public Result CreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    public Result CreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoCreateDirectory(in path);
     }
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist or is a file.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.DirectoryNotEmpty"/>: The specified directory is not empty.</returns>
-    public Result DeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    public Result DeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoDeleteDirectory(in path);
     }
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="path">The full path of the directory to delete.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist or is a file.</returns>
-    public Result DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    public Result DeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in path);
     }
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="path">The full path of the directory to clean.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist or is a file.</returns>
-    public Result CleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    public Result CleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in path);
     }
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <remarks>
     /// If <paramref name="currentPath"/> and <paramref name="newPath"/> are the same, this function does nothing and returns successfully.
     /// </remarks>
-    public Result RenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    public Result RenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         return DoRenameFile(in currentPath, in newPath);
     }
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <remarks>
     /// If <paramref name="currentPath"/> and <paramref name="newPath"/> are the same, this function does nothing and returns <see cref="Result.Success"/>.
     /// </remarks>
-    public Result RenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    public Result RenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         return DoRenameDirectory(in currentPath, in newPath);
     }
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="path">The full path to check.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist.</returns>
-    public Result GetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    public Result GetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoGetEntryType(out entryType, in path);
     }
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist or is a directory.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.TargetLocked"/>: When opening as <see cref="OpenMode.Write"/>,
     /// the file is already opened as <see cref="OpenMode.Write"/>.</returns>
-    public Result OpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> file, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    public Result OpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> file, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         if ((mode & OpenMode.ReadWrite) == 0 || (mode & ~OpenMode.All) != 0)
             return ResultFs.InvalidModeForFileOpen.Log();
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="mode">Specifies which sub-entries should be enumerated.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist or is a file.</returns>
-    public Result OpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path, OpenDirectoryMode mode)
+    public Result OpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path, OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         if ((mode & OpenDirectoryMode.All) == 0 ||
             (mode & ~(OpenDirectoryMode.All | OpenDirectoryMode.NoFileSize)) != 0)
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="freeSpace">If the operation returns successfully, the amount of free space available on the drive, in bytes.</param>
     /// <param name="path">The path of the drive to query. Unused in almost all cases.</param>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the requested operation.</returns>
-    public Result GetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    public Result GetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in path);
     }
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="totalSpace">If the operation returns successfully, the total size of the drive, in bytes.</param>
     /// <param name="path">The path of the drive to query. Unused in almost all cases.</param>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the requested operation.</returns>
-    public Result GetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    public Result GetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, in path);
     }
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="path">The path of the file or directory.</param>
     /// <returns><see cref="Result.Success"/>: The operation was successful.<br/>
     /// <see cref="ResultFs.PathNotFound"/>: The specified path does not exist.</returns>
-    public Result GetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path)
+    public Result GetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out timeStamp, in path);
     }
@@ -294,9 +294,9 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
     /// <param name="queryId">The type of query to perform.</param>
     /// <param name="path">The full path of the file to query.</param>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the requested operation.</returns>
-    public Result QueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId, in Path path)
+    public Result QueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId, ref readonly Path path)
     {
-        return DoQueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, path);
+        return DoQueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, in path);
     }
 
     /// <summary>
@@ -309,44 +309,44 @@ public abstract class IFileSystem : IDisposable
         return DoGetFileSystemAttribute(out outAttribute);
     }
 
-    protected abstract Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option);
-    protected abstract Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path);
-    protected abstract Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path);
-    protected abstract Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path);
-    protected abstract Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path);
-    protected abstract Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path);
-    protected abstract Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath);
-    protected abstract Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath);
-    protected abstract Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path);
+    protected abstract Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option);
+    protected abstract Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path);
+    protected abstract Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path);
+    protected abstract Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path);
+    protected abstract Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path);
+    protected abstract Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path);
+    protected abstract Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath);
+    protected abstract Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath);
+    protected abstract Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path);
 
-    protected virtual Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected virtual Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out freeSpace);
         return ResultFs.NotImplemented.Log();
     }
 
-    protected virtual Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected virtual Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out totalSpace);
         return ResultFs.NotImplemented.Log();
     }
 
-    protected abstract Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode);
-    protected abstract Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path, OpenDirectoryMode mode);
+    protected abstract Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode);
+    protected abstract Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path, OpenDirectoryMode mode);
     protected abstract Result DoCommit();
 
     protected virtual Result DoCommitProvisionally(long counter) => ResultFs.NotImplemented.Log();
     protected virtual Result DoRollback() => ResultFs.NotImplemented.Log();
     protected virtual Result DoFlush() => ResultFs.NotImplemented.Log();
 
-    protected virtual Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path)
+    protected virtual Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out timeStamp);
         return ResultFs.NotImplemented.Log();
     }
 
     protected virtual Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-        in Path path) => ResultFs.NotImplemented.Log();
+        ref readonly Path path) => ResultFs.NotImplemented.Log();
 
     protected virtual Result DoGetFileSystemAttribute(out FileSystemAttribute outAttribute)
     {

src/LibHac/Fs/Fsa/Registrar.cs

@@ -49,43 +49,43 @@ public static class Registrar
             base.Dispose();
         }
 
-        protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option) =>
+        protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.CreateFile(in path, size, option);
 
-        protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path) => _fileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(in path);
+        protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path) => _fileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(in path);
 
-        protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path) => _fileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(in path);
+        protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path) => _fileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(in path);
 
-        protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path) => _fileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path);
+        protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path) => _fileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path);
 
-        protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path) =>
+        protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in path);
 
-        protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path) =>
+        protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.CleanDirectoryRecursively(in path);
 
-        protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath) =>
+        protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.RenameFile(in currentPath, in newPath);
 
-        protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath) =>
+        protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.RenameDirectory(in currentPath, in newPath);
 
-        protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path) =>
+        protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, in path);
 
-        protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path) =>
+        protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in path);
 
         protected override Result DoGetFileSystemAttribute(out FileSystemAttribute outAttribute) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.GetFileSystemAttribute(out outAttribute);
 
-        protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path) =>
+        protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, in path);
 
-        protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode) =>
+        protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.OpenFile(ref outFile, in path, mode);
 
-        protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+        protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
             OpenDirectoryMode mode) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.OpenDirectory(ref outDirectory, in path, mode);
 
@@ -98,11 +98,11 @@ public static class Registrar
 
         protected override Result DoFlush() => _fileSystem.Get.Flush();
 
-        protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path) =>
+        protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path) =>
             _fileSystem.Get.GetFileTimeStampRaw(out timeStamp, in path);
 
         protected override Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-            in Path path) => _fileSystem.Get.QueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, in path);
+            ref readonly Path path) => _fileSystem.Get.QueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, in path);
     }
 
     public static Result Register(this FileSystemClient fs, U8Span name, ref UniqueRef<IFileSystem> fileSystem)

src/LibHac/Fs/Fsa/UserFileSystem.cs

@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@ public static class UserFileSystem
                 ? SaveDataFlags.Restore
                 : SaveDataFlags.None;
 
-            return fs.Impl.WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(SaveDataSpaceId.User, in attribute, in extraData,
+            return fs.Impl.WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(SaveDataSpaceId.User, attribute, in extraData,
                 in extraDataMask);
         }
     }

src/LibHac/Fs/ReadOnlyFileSystem.cs

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public class ReadOnlyFileSystem : IFileSystem
         base.Dispose();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         // The Read flag must be the only flag set
         if ((mode & OpenMode.All) != OpenMode.Read)
@@ -104,40 +104,40 @@ public class ReadOnlyFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         // An IDirectory is already read-only so we don't need a wrapper ReadOnlyDictionary class
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.OpenDirectory(ref outDirectory, in path, mode);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option) =>
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath) =>
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath) =>
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
     protected override Result DoCommit() =>
@@ -146,12 +146,12 @@ public class ReadOnlyFileSystem : IFileSystem
     protected override Result DoCommitProvisionally(long counter) =>
         ResultFs.UnsupportedCommitProvisionallyForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Unsafe.SkipInit(out totalSpace);
         return ResultFs.UnsupportedGetTotalSpaceSizeForReadOnlyFileSystem.Log();

src/LibHac/Fs/Shim/FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter.cs

@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
 {
     private SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> _baseFs;
 
-    private static Result GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in Path path)
+    private static Result GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out sfPath);
 
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         base.Dispose();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.CreateFile(in sfPath, size, (int)option);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.DeleteFile(in sfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.CreateDirectory(in sfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.DeleteDirectory(in sfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in sfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.CleanDirectoryRecursively(in sfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf currentSfPath, in currentPath);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.RenameFile(in currentSfPath, in newSfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf currentSfPath, in currentPath);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.RenameDirectory(in currentSfPath, in newSfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out entryType);
 
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.GetEntryType(out sfEntryType, in sfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out freeSpace);
 
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in sfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out totalSpace);
 
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, in sfPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
         return _baseFs.Get.Commit();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out timeStamp);
 
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ internal class FileSystemServiceObjectAdapter : IFileSystem, IMultiCommitTarget
     }
 
     protected override Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-        in Path path)
+        ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = GetPathForServiceObject(out PathSf sfPath, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();

src/LibHac/Fs/Shim/Host.cs

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public static class Host
     /// <param name="option">Options for opening the host file system.</param>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the operation.</returns>
     private static Result OpenHostFileSystemImpl(FileSystemClient fs, ref UniqueRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        in FspPath path, MountHostOption option)
+        ref readonly FspPath path, MountHostOption option)
     {
         using SharedRef<IFileSystemProxy> fileSystemProxy = fs.Impl.GetFileSystemProxyServiceObject();
         using var fileSystem = new SharedRef<IFileSystemSf>();

src/LibHac/Fs/Shim/PathBasedFileDataCache.cs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ public static class PathBasedFileDataCacheShim
     }
 
     internal static void InvalidatePathBasedFileDataCacheEntry(this FileSystemClientImpl fs,
-        FileSystemAccessor fsAccessor, in Path path)
+        FileSystemAccessor fsAccessor, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public static class PathBasedFileDataCacheShim
     }
 
     internal static bool FindPathBasedFileDataCacheEntry(this FileSystemClientImpl fs, out FilePathHash outHash,
-        out int outHashIndex, FileSystemAccessor fsAccessor, in Path path)
+        out int outHashIndex, FileSystemAccessor fsAccessor, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }

src/LibHac/Fs/Shim/SaveDataManagement.cs

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Fs.Shim
         }
 
         public static Result ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(this FileSystemClientImpl fs,
-            out SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in SaveDataAttribute attribute)
+            out SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, SaveDataAttribute attribute)
         {
             UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out extraData);
 
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Fs.Shim
         }
 
         public static Result ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(this FileSystemClientImpl fs,
-            out SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in SaveDataAttribute attribute,
+            out SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, SaveDataAttribute attribute,
             in SaveDataExtraData extraDataMask)
         {
             UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out extraData);
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Fs.Shim
         /// to write to, nothing will be written and <see cref="ResultFs.PermissionDenied"/> will be returned.
         /// </remarks>
         public static Result WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(this FileSystemClientImpl fs, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
-            in SaveDataAttribute attribute, in SaveDataExtraData extraData, in SaveDataExtraData extraDataMask)
+            SaveDataAttribute attribute, in SaveDataExtraData extraData, in SaveDataExtraData extraDataMask)
         {
             using SharedRef<IFileSystemProxy> fileSystemProxy = fs.GetFileSystemProxyServiceObject();
 
@@ -1359,7 +1359,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Fs.Shim
                     SaveDataType.System, userId, saveDataId);
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
-                res = fs.Impl.ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(out SaveDataExtraData extraData, spaceId, in attribute);
+                res = fs.Impl.ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(out SaveDataExtraData extraData, spaceId, attribute);
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
                 flags = extraData.Flags;
@@ -1456,7 +1456,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Fs.Shim
                     SaveDataType.System, userId, saveDataId);
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
-                return fs.Impl.WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(spaceId, in attribute, in extraData, in extraDataMask);
+                return fs.Impl.WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(spaceId, attribute, in extraData, in extraDataMask);
             }
         }
 
@@ -2253,7 +2253,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Fs.Shim
                 extraDataMask.Flags = SaveDataFlags.Restore;
 
                 res = fs.Impl.ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(out SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataSpaceId.User,
-                    in attribute, in extraDataMask);
+                    attribute, in extraDataMask);
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
                 isRestoreFlagSet = extraData.Flags.HasFlag(SaveDataFlags.Restore);
@@ -2303,7 +2303,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Fs.Shim
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
                 res = fs.Impl.ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(out SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataSpaceId.User,
-                    in attribute, in extraDataMask);
+                    attribute, in extraDataMask);
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
                 saveSize = extraData.DataSize;

src/LibHac/Fs/Shim/SdCard.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public static class SdCard
 
         return OpenFileSystem(fs, in fileSystemProxy, ref outFileSystem);
 
-        static Result OpenFileSystem(FileSystemClient fs, in SharedRef<IFileSystemProxy> fileSystemProxy,
+        static Result OpenFileSystem(FileSystemClient fs, ref readonly SharedRef<IFileSystemProxy> fileSystemProxy,
             ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem)
         {
             // Retry a few times if the storage device isn't ready yet
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ public static class SdCard
         outMode = (SdCardSpeedMode)speedMode;
         return Result.Success;
 
-        static Result GetSpeedMode(FileSystemClient fs, in SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator,
+        static Result GetSpeedMode(FileSystemClient fs, ref readonly SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator,
             out long outSpeedMode)
         {
             outSpeedMode = 0;
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ public static class SdCard
 
         return Result.Success;
 
-        static Result GetCid(FileSystemClient fs, in SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator, Span<byte> outCidBuffer)
+        static Result GetCid(FileSystemClient fs, ref readonly SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator, Span<byte> outCidBuffer)
         {
             // Retry a few times if the storage device isn't ready yet
             const int maxRetries = 10;
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ public static class SdCard
 
         return Result.Success;
 
-        static Result GetUserAreaSize(FileSystemClient fs, in SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator,
+        static Result GetUserAreaSize(FileSystemClient fs, ref readonly SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator,
             out long outSize)
         {
             outSize = 0;
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ public static class SdCard
 
         return Result.Success;
 
-        static Result GetProtectedAreaSize(FileSystemClient fs, in SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator,
+        static Result GetProtectedAreaSize(FileSystemClient fs, ref readonly SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator,
             out long outSize)
         {
             outSize = 0;
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ public static class SdCard
         outLogSize = logSize;
         return Result.Success;
 
-        static Result GetErrorInfo(FileSystemClient fs, in SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator,
+        static Result GetErrorInfo(FileSystemClient fs, ref readonly SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> deviceOperator,
             out StorageErrorInfo outErrorInfo, out long outLogSize, Span<byte> logBuffer)
         {
             UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out outErrorInfo, out outLogSize);
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ public static class SdCard
 
         return Result.Success;
 
-        static Result Format(FileSystemClient fs, in SharedRef<IFileSystemProxy> fileSystemProxy)
+        static Result Format(FileSystemClient fs, ref readonly SharedRef<IFileSystemProxy> fileSystemProxy)
         {
             // Retry a few times if the storage device isn't ready yet
             const int maxRetries = 10;

src/LibHac/Fs/SubStorage.cs

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public class SubStorage : IStorage
     /// <param name="baseStorage">The base <see cref="IStorage"/>.</param>
     /// <param name="offset">The offset in the base storage at which to begin the created SubStorage.</param>
     /// <param name="size">The size of the created SubStorage.</param>
-    public SubStorage(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, long offset, long size)
+    public SubStorage(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, long offset, long size)
     {
         BaseStorage = baseStorage.Get;
         _offset = offset;

src/LibHac/Fs/ValueSubStorage.cs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public struct ValueSubStorage : IDisposable
         _sharedBaseStorage = new SharedRef<IStorage>();
     }
 
-    public ValueSubStorage(in ValueSubStorage other)
+    public ValueSubStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage other)
     {
         _baseStorage = other._baseStorage;
         _offset = other._offset;
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public struct ValueSubStorage : IDisposable
         Assert.SdkRequiresLessEqual(0, size);
     }
 
-    public ValueSubStorage(in ValueSubStorage subStorage, long offset, long size)
+    public ValueSubStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage subStorage, long offset, long size)
     {
         _baseStorage = subStorage._baseStorage;
         _offset = subStorage._offset + offset;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public struct ValueSubStorage : IDisposable
         Assert.SdkRequiresGreaterEqual(subStorage._size, offset + size);
     }
 
-    public ValueSubStorage(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, long offset, long size)
+    public ValueSubStorage(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, long offset, long size)
     {
         _baseStorage = baseStorage.Get;
         _offset = offset;
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public struct ValueSubStorage : IDisposable
         return new SubStorage(_baseStorage, _offset, _size);
     }
 
-    public void Set(in ValueSubStorage other)
+    public void Set(ref readonly ValueSubStorage other)
     {
         if (!Unsafe.AreSame(ref Unsafe.AsRef(in this), ref Unsafe.AsRef(in other)))
         {

src/LibHac/FsSrv/BaseFileSystemService.cs

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public readonly struct BaseFileSystemService
         return _serviceImpl.FormatBaseFileSystem(fileSystemId);
     }
 
-    public Result OpenBisFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath rootPath,
+    public Result OpenBisFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath rootPath,
         BisPartitionId partitionId)
     {
         Result res = GetProgramInfo(out ProgramInfo programInfo);
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ public readonly struct BaseFileSystemService
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result SetBisRootForHost(BisPartitionId partitionId, in FspPath path)
+    public Result SetBisRootForHost(BisPartitionId partitionId, ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/FileSystemProxyCoreImpl.cs

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class FileSystemProxyCoreImpl
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    private Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path path)
+    private Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var pathHost = new Path();
         Result res = pathHost.Initialize(in path);
@@ -88,13 +88,13 @@ public class FileSystemProxyCoreImpl
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         res = _fsCreators.TargetManagerFileSystemCreator.Create(ref outFileSystem, in pathHost, isSupported,
-            ensureRootPathExists: false, Result.Success);
+            ensureRootPathExists: false, pathNotFoundResult: Result.Success);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path path,
+    public Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path path,
         bool openCaseSensitive)
     {
         if (!path.IsEmpty() && openCaseSensitive)
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public class FileSystemProxyCoreImpl
         else
         {
             Result res = _fsCreators.TargetManagerFileSystemCreator.Create(ref outFileSystem, in path,
-                openCaseSensitive, ensureRootPathExists: false, Result.Success);
+                openCaseSensitive, ensureRootPathExists: false, pathNotFoundResult: Result.Success);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
         }
 

src/LibHac/FsSrv/FileSystemProxyImpl.cs

@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public class FileSystemProxyImpl : IFileSystemProxy, IFileSystemProxyForLoader
         return new DebugConfigurationService(_fsServer, Globals.DebugConfigurationServiceImpl, _currentProcess);
     }
 
-    public Result OpenFileSystemWithId(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path,
+    public Result OpenFileSystemWithId(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path,
         ulong id, FileSystemProxyType fsType)
     {
         Result res = GetNcaFileSystemService(out NcaFileSystemService ncaFsService);
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ public class FileSystemProxyImpl : IFileSystemProxy, IFileSystemProxyForLoader
     }
 
     public Result OpenCodeFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> fileSystem,
-        out CodeVerificationData verificationData, in FspPath path, ProgramId programId)
+        out CodeVerificationData verificationData, ref readonly FspPath path, ProgramId programId)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out verificationData);
 
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ public class FileSystemProxyImpl : IFileSystemProxy, IFileSystemProxyForLoader
         return ncaFsService.OpenDataStorageByDataId(ref outStorage, dataId, storageId);
     }
 
-    public Result OpenDataStorageByPath(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path,
+    public Result OpenDataStorageByPath(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path,
         FileSystemProxyType fsType)
     {
         Result res = GetNcaFileSystemService(out NcaFileSystemService ncaFsService);
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@ public class FileSystemProxyImpl : IFileSystemProxy, IFileSystemProxyForLoader
         return GetBaseFileSystemService().FormatBaseFileSystem(fileSystemId);
     }
 
-    public Result OpenBisFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath rootPath,
+    public Result OpenBisFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath rootPath,
         BisPartitionId partitionId)
     {
         return GetBaseFileSystemService().OpenBisFileSystem(ref outFileSystem, in rootPath, partitionId);
@@ -494,13 +494,13 @@ public class FileSystemProxyImpl : IFileSystemProxy, IFileSystemProxyForLoader
         return GetBaseStorageService().InvalidateBisCache();
     }
 
-    public Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path)
+    public Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         return OpenHostFileSystemWithOption(ref outFileSystem, in path, MountHostOption.None);
     }
 
     public Result OpenHostFileSystemWithOption(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem,
-        in FspPath path, MountHostOption option)
+        ref readonly FspPath path, MountHostOption option)
     {
         Result res = GetProgramInfo(out ProgramInfo programInfo);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ public class FileSystemProxyImpl : IFileSystemProxy, IFileSystemProxyForLoader
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result SetSaveDataRootPath(in FspPath path)
+    public Result SetSaveDataRootPath(ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         Result res = GetSaveDataFileSystemService(out SaveDataFileSystemService saveFsService);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -919,12 +919,13 @@ public class FileSystemProxyImpl : IFileSystemProxy, IFileSystemProxyForLoader
         return ncaFsService.GetRightsId(out rightsId, programId, storageId);
     }
 
-    public Result GetRightsIdByPath(out RightsId rightsId, in FspPath path)
+    public Result GetRightsIdByPath(out RightsId rightsId, ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         return GetRightsIdAndKeyGenerationByPath(out rightsId, out _, in path);
     }
 
-    public Result GetRightsIdAndKeyGenerationByPath(out RightsId rightsId, out byte keyGeneration, in FspPath path)
+    public Result GetRightsIdAndKeyGenerationByPath(out RightsId rightsId, out byte keyGeneration,
+        ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out rightsId, out keyGeneration);
 
@@ -992,7 +993,7 @@ public class FileSystemProxyImpl : IFileSystemProxy, IFileSystemProxyForLoader
             .RegisterProgramIndexMapInfo(programIndexMapInfoBuffer, programCount);
     }
 
-    public Result SetBisRootForHost(BisPartitionId partitionId, in FspPath path)
+    public Result SetBisRootForHost(BisPartitionId partitionId, ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         return GetBaseFileSystemService().SetBisRootForHost(partitionId, in path);
     }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/FsCreator/ILocalFileSystemCreator.cs

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSrv.FsCreator;
 
 public interface ILocalFileSystemCreator
 {
-    Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path rootPath, bool openCaseSensitive, bool ensureRootPathExists, Result pathNotFoundResult);
+    Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path rootPath, bool openCaseSensitive, bool ensureRootPathExists, Result pathNotFoundResult);
 }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/FsCreator/ISubDirectoryFileSystemCreator.cs

@@ -6,5 +6,5 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSrv.FsCreator;
 
 public interface ISubDirectoryFileSystemCreator
 {
-    Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outSubDirFileSystem, ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, in Path path);
+    Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outSubDirFileSystem, ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, ref readonly Path path);
 }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/FsCreator/ITargetManagerFileSystemCreator.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSrv.FsCreator;
 
 public interface ITargetManagerFileSystemCreator
 {
-    Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path rootPath, bool openCaseSensitive, bool ensureRootPathExists, Result pathNotFoundResult);
+    Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path rootPath, bool openCaseSensitive, bool ensureRootPathExists, Result pathNotFoundResult);
     Result NormalizeCaseOfPath(out bool isSupported, ref Path path);
 }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/FsCreator/SaveDataResultConvertFileSystem.cs

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ public class SaveDataResultConvertFileSystem : IResultConvertFileSystem<ISaveDat
         return ConvertSaveDataFsResult(GetFileSystem().RollbackOnlyModified(), _isReconstructible).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         using var file = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
         Result res = ConvertResult(GetFileSystem().OpenFile(ref file.Ref, in path, mode));
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ public class SaveDataResultConvertFileSystem : IResultConvertFileSystem<ISaveDat
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         using var directory = new UniqueRef<IDirectory>();

src/LibHac/FsSrv/FsCreator/SubDirectoryFileSystemCreator.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSrv.FsCreator;
 public class SubDirectoryFileSystemCreator : ISubDirectoryFileSystemCreator
 {
     public Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outSubDirFileSystem, ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem,
-        in Path path)
+        ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var directory = new UniqueRef<IDirectory>();
 

src/LibHac/FsSrv/FsCreator/TargetManagerFileSystemCreator.cs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSrv.FsCreator;
 
 public class TargetManagerFileSystemCreator : ITargetManagerFileSystemCreator
 {
-    public Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path rootPath, bool openCaseSensitive,
+    public Result Create(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path rootPath, bool openCaseSensitive,
         bool ensureRootPathExists, Result pathNotFoundResult)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/AsynchronousAccessFileSystem.cs

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ public class AsynchronousAccessFileSystem : ForwardingFileSystem
     { }
 
     // ReSharper disable once RedundantOverriddenMember
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         // Todo: Implement
-        return base.DoOpenFile(ref outFile, path, mode);
+        return base.DoOpenFile(ref outFile, in path, mode);
     }
 }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/DeepRetryFileSystem.cs

@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ public class DeepRetryFileSystem : ForwardingFileSystem
     }
 
     // ReSharper disable once RedundantOverriddenMember
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         // Todo: Implement
-        return base.DoOpenFile(ref outFile, path, mode);
+        return base.DoOpenFile(ref outFile, in path, mode);
     }
 }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/FileSystemInterfaceAdapter.cs

@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
 
     private static ReadOnlySpan<byte> RootDir => "/"u8;
 
-    private Result SetUpPath(ref Path fsPath, in PathSf sfPath)
+    private Result SetUpPath(ref Path fsPath, ref readonly PathSf sfPath)
     {
         Result res;
 
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result CreateFile(in PathSf path, long size, int option)
+    public Result CreateFile(ref readonly PathSf path, long size, int option)
     {
         if (size < 0)
             return ResultFs.InvalidSize.Log();
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result DeleteFile(in PathSf path)
+    public Result DeleteFile(ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         using var pathNormalized = new Path();
         Result res = SetUpPath(ref pathNormalized.Ref(), in path);
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result CreateDirectory(in PathSf path)
+    public Result CreateDirectory(ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         using var pathNormalized = new Path();
         Result res = SetUpPath(ref pathNormalized.Ref(), in path);
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result DeleteDirectory(in PathSf path)
+    public Result DeleteDirectory(ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         using var pathNormalized = new Path();
         Result res = SetUpPath(ref pathNormalized.Ref(), in path);
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in PathSf path)
+    public Result DeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         using var pathNormalized = new Path();
         Result res = SetUpPath(ref pathNormalized.Ref(), in path);
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result CleanDirectoryRecursively(in PathSf path)
+    public Result CleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         using var pathNormalized = new Path();
         Result res = SetUpPath(ref pathNormalized.Ref(), in path);
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result RenameFile(in PathSf currentPath, in PathSf newPath)
+    public Result RenameFile(ref readonly PathSf currentPath, ref readonly PathSf newPath)
     {
         using var currentPathNormalized = new Path();
         Result res = SetUpPath(ref currentPathNormalized.Ref(), in currentPath);
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result RenameDirectory(in PathSf currentPath, in PathSf newPath)
+    public Result RenameDirectory(ref readonly PathSf currentPath, ref readonly PathSf newPath)
     {
         using var currentPathNormalized = new Path();
         Result res = SetUpPath(ref currentPathNormalized.Ref(), in currentPath);
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result GetEntryType(out uint entryType, in PathSf path)
+    public Result GetEntryType(out uint entryType, ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out entryType);
 
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result GetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in PathSf path)
+    public Result GetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out freeSpace);
 
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result GetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in PathSf path)
+    public Result GetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out totalSpace);
 
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result OpenFile(ref SharedRef<IFileSf> outFile, in PathSf path, uint mode)
+    public Result OpenFile(ref SharedRef<IFileSf> outFile, ref readonly PathSf path, uint mode)
     {
         const int maxTryCount = 2;
 
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result OpenDirectory(ref SharedRef<IDirectorySf> outDirectory, in PathSf path, uint mode)
+    public Result OpenDirectory(ref SharedRef<IDirectorySf> outDirectory, ref readonly PathSf path, uint mode)
     {
         const int maxTryCount = 2;
 
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.Commit();
     }
 
-    public Result GetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in PathSf path)
+    public Result GetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out timeStamp);
 
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ public class FileSystemInterfaceAdapter : IFileSystemSf
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result QueryEntry(OutBuffer outBuffer, InBuffer inBuffer, int queryId, in PathSf path)
+    public Result QueryEntry(OutBuffer outBuffer, InBuffer inBuffer, int queryId, ref readonly PathSf path)
     {
         static Result PermissionCheck(QueryId queryId, FileSystemInterfaceAdapter fsAdapter)
         {

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/FileSystemProxyServiceObject.cs

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public static class FileSystemProxyServiceObject
         }
 
         public Result OpenCodeFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> fileSystem,
-            out CodeVerificationData verificationData, in FspPath path, ProgramId programId)
+            out CodeVerificationData verificationData, ref readonly FspPath path, ProgramId programId)
         {
             UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out verificationData);
 

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface.cs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ public interface ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface : IDisposable
     Result QuerySaveDataTotalSize(out long outTotalSize, long dataSize, long journalSize);
     Result CheckSaveDataFile(long saveDataId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId);
     Result CreateSaveDataFileSystemCore(in SaveDataAttribute attribute, in SaveDataCreationInfo creationInfo, in SaveDataMetaInfo metaInfo, in Optional<HashSalt> hashSalt, bool leaveUnfinalized);
-    Result GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo saveInfo, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in SaveDataAttribute attribute);
+    Result GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo saveInfo, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, SaveDataAttribute attribute);
     Result ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraDataCore(out SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId, bool isTemporarySaveData);
     Result WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraDataCore(SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId, in SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataType type, bool updateTimeStamp);
     Result FinalizeSaveDataCreation(ulong saveDataId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId);

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/LocationResolverSet.cs

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ internal class LocationResolverSet : IDisposable
         }
     }
 
-    private static Result SetUpFsPath(ref Fs.Path outPath, in Lr.Path lrPath)
+    private static Result SetUpFsPath(ref Fs.Path outPath, ref readonly Lr.Path lrPath)
     {
         var pathFlags = new PathFlags();
         pathFlags.AllowMountName();

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/OpenCountFileSystem.cs

@@ -46,18 +46,18 @@ internal class OpenCountFileSystem : ForwardingFileSystem
     }
 
     // ReSharper disable once RedundantOverriddenMember
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         // Todo: Implement
-        return base.DoOpenFile(ref outFile, path, mode);
+        return base.DoOpenFile(ref outFile, in path, mode);
     }
 
     // ReSharper disable once RedundantOverriddenMember
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         // Todo: Implement
-        return base.DoOpenDirectory(ref outDirectory, path, mode);
+        return base.DoOpenDirectory(ref outDirectory, in path, mode);
     }
 
     public override void Dispose()

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/SaveDataExtraDataAccessorCacheManager.cs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ public class SaveDataExtraDataAccessorCacheManager : ISaveDataExtraDataAccessorO
         private readonly SaveDataSpaceId _spaceId;
         private readonly ulong _saveDataId;
 
-        public Cache(in SharedRef<ISaveDataExtraDataAccessor> accessor, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId)
+        public Cache(ref readonly SharedRef<ISaveDataExtraDataAccessor> accessor, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId)
         {
             _accessor = new WeakRef<ISaveDataExtraDataAccessor>(in accessor);
             _spaceId = spaceId;
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public class SaveDataExtraDataAccessorCacheManager : ISaveDataExtraDataAccessorO
         _accessorList.Clear();
     }
 
-    public Result Register(in SharedRef<ISaveDataExtraDataAccessor> accessor, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
+    public Result Register(ref readonly SharedRef<ISaveDataExtraDataAccessor> accessor, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
         ulong saveDataId)
     {
         accessor.Get.RegisterExtraDataAccessorObserver(this, spaceId, saveDataId);

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/SaveDataFileSystemCacheRegister.cs

@@ -34,58 +34,58 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemCacheRegister : IFileSystem
         base.Dispose();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.OpenFile(ref outFile, in path, mode);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.OpenDirectory(ref outDirectory, in path, mode);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateFile(in path, size, option);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.CleanDirectoryRecursively(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.RenameFile(in currentPath, in newPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.RenameDirectory(in currentPath, in newPath);
     }
@@ -105,12 +105,12 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemCacheRegister : IFileSystem
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.Rollback();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, in path);
     }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Impl/Utility.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ internal static class Utility
     }
 
     public static Result CreateSubDirectoryFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outSubDirFileSystem,
-        ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, in Path rootPath)
+        ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, ref readonly Path rootPath)
     {
         if (rootPath.IsEmpty())
         {
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ internal static class Utility
 
         // Check if the directory exists
         using var dir = new UniqueRef<IDirectory>();
-        Result res = baseFileSystem.Get.OpenDirectory(ref dir.Ref, rootPath, OpenDirectoryMode.Directory);
+        Result res = baseFileSystem.Get.OpenDirectory(ref dir.Ref, in rootPath, OpenDirectoryMode.Directory);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         dir.Reset();
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ internal static class Utility
     }
 
     public static Result WrapSubDirectory(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, in Path rootPath, bool createIfMissing)
+        ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, ref readonly Path rootPath, bool createIfMissing)
     {
         // The path must already exist if we're not automatically creating it
         if (!createIfMissing)
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ internal static class Utility
         Result res = FsSystem.Utility.EnsureDirectory(baseFileSystem.Get, in rootPath);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
-        return CreateSubDirectoryFileSystem(ref outFileSystem, ref baseFileSystem, rootPath);
+        return CreateSubDirectoryFileSystem(ref outFileSystem, ref baseFileSystem, in rootPath);
     }
 
     public static long ConvertZeroCommitId(in SaveDataExtraData extraData)

src/LibHac/FsSrv/NcaFileSystemService.cs

@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ internal class NcaFileSystemService : IRomFileSystemAccessFailureManager
     }
 
     public Result OpenCodeFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem,
-        out CodeVerificationData verificationData, in FspPath path, ProgramId programId)
+        out CodeVerificationData verificationData, ref readonly FspPath path, ProgramId programId)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ internal class NcaFileSystemService : IRomFileSystemAccessFailureManager
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    public Result OpenDataStorageByPath(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path,
+    public Result OpenDataStorageByPath(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path,
         FileSystemProxyType fsType)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ internal class NcaFileSystemService : IRomFileSystemAccessFailureManager
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    public Result OpenFileSystemWithId(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path,
+    public Result OpenFileSystemWithId(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path,
         ulong id, FileSystemProxyType fsType)
     {
         const StorageLayoutType storageFlag = StorageLayoutType.All;
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ internal class NcaFileSystemService : IRomFileSystemAccessFailureManager
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result GetRightsIdAndKeyGenerationByPath(out RightsId outRightsId, out byte outKeyGeneration, in FspPath path)
+    public Result GetRightsIdAndKeyGenerationByPath(out RightsId outRightsId, out byte outKeyGeneration, ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         const ulong checkThroughProgramId = ulong.MaxValue;
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out outRightsId, out outKeyGeneration);

src/LibHac/FsSrv/NcaFileSystemServiceImpl.cs

@@ -67,23 +67,22 @@ public class NcaFileSystemServiceImpl
         public bool CanMountNca;
     }
 
-    public Result OpenFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path path, FileSystemProxyType type,
-        ulong id, bool isDirectory)
+    public Result OpenFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path path,
+        FileSystemProxyType type, ulong id, bool isDirectory)
     {
-        return OpenFileSystem(ref outFileSystem, out Unsafe.NullRef<CodeVerificationData>(), in path, type, false,
-            id, isDirectory);
+        return OpenFileSystem(ref outFileSystem, out Unsafe.NullRef<CodeVerificationData>(), in path, type, false, id,
+            isDirectory);
     }
 
-    public Result OpenFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path path, FileSystemProxyType type,
-        bool canMountSystemDataPrivate, ulong id, bool isDirectory)
+    public Result OpenFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path path,
+        FileSystemProxyType type, bool canMountSystemDataPrivate, ulong id, bool isDirectory)
     {
         return OpenFileSystem(ref outFileSystem, out Unsafe.NullRef<CodeVerificationData>(), in path, type,
             canMountSystemDataPrivate, id, isDirectory);
     }
 
-    public Result OpenFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        out CodeVerificationData verificationData, in Path path, FileSystemProxyType type,
-        bool canMountSystemDataPrivate, ulong id, bool isDirectory)
+    public Result OpenFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, out CodeVerificationData verificationData,
+        ref readonly Path path, FileSystemProxyType type, bool canMountSystemDataPrivate, ulong id, bool isDirectory)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out verificationData);
 
@@ -192,20 +191,20 @@ public class NcaFileSystemServiceImpl
         }
     }
 
-    public Result OpenDataFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path path,
+    public Result OpenDataFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path path,
         FileSystemProxyType fsType, ulong programId, bool isDirectory)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
     public Result OpenStorageWithPatch(ref SharedRef<IStorage> outStorage, out Hash ncaHeaderDigest,
-        in Path originalNcaPath, in Path currentNcaPath, FileSystemProxyType fsType, ulong id)
+        ref readonly Path originalNcaPath, ref readonly Path currentNcaPath, FileSystemProxyType fsType, ulong id)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    public Result OpenFileSystemWithPatch(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        in Path originalNcaPath, in Path currentNcaPath, FileSystemProxyType fsType, ulong id)
+    public Result OpenFileSystemWithPatch(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path originalNcaPath,
+        ref readonly Path currentNcaPath, FileSystemProxyType fsType, ulong id)
     {
         using var romFsStorage = new SharedRef<IStorage>();
         Result res = OpenStorageWithPatch(ref romFsStorage.Ref, out Unsafe.NullRef<Hash>(), in originalNcaPath,
@@ -281,7 +280,7 @@ public class NcaFileSystemServiceImpl
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result GetRightsId(out RightsId rightsId, out byte keyGeneration, in Path path, ProgramId programId)
+    public Result GetRightsId(out RightsId rightsId, out byte keyGeneration, ref readonly Path path, ProgramId programId)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
@@ -305,7 +304,7 @@ public class NcaFileSystemServiceImpl
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result RegisterUpdatePartition(ulong programId, in Path path)
+    public Result RegisterUpdatePartition(ulong programId, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
@@ -511,7 +510,7 @@ public class NcaFileSystemServiceImpl
         return ResultFs.PathNotFound.Log();
     }
 
-    private Result ParseDir(in Path path, ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outContentFileSystem,
+    private Result ParseDir(ref readonly Path path, ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outContentFileSystem,
         ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, FileSystemProxyType fsType, bool preserveUnc)
     {
         using var fileSystem = new SharedRef<IFileSystem>();
@@ -522,7 +521,7 @@ public class NcaFileSystemServiceImpl
     }
 
     private Result ParseDirWithPathCaseNormalizationOnCaseSensitiveHostFs(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        in Path path)
+        ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var pathRoot = new Path();
         using var pathData = new Path();
@@ -858,7 +857,7 @@ public class NcaFileSystemServiceImpl
         _romFsRecoveredByInvalidateCacheCount = 0;
     }
 
-    public Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, in Path rootPath, bool openCaseSensitive)
+    public Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, ref readonly Path rootPath, bool openCaseSensitive)
     {
         return _config.TargetManagerFsCreator.Create(ref outFileSystem, in rootPath, openCaseSensitive, false,
             Result.Success);

src/LibHac/FsSrv/SaveDataFileSystemService.cs

@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@ internal class SaveDataFileSystemService : ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface, ISave
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(StorageLayoutType.NonGameCard);
 
-        Result res = GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, spaceId, in attribute);
+        Result res = GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, spaceId, attribute);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res;
 
         return DeleteSaveDataFileSystemBySaveDataSpaceIdCore(spaceId, info.SaveDataId).Ret();
@@ -776,9 +776,12 @@ internal class SaveDataFileSystemService : ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface, ISave
             res = accessor.Get.GetInterface().GetKey(out SaveDataAttribute key, saveDataId);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
-            Result GetExtraData(out SaveDataExtraData data) =>
-                _serviceImpl.ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(out data, targetSpaceId, saveDataId, key.Type,
-                    _saveDataRootPath.DangerousGetPath());
+
+            Result GetExtraData(out SaveDataExtraData data)
+            {
+                var path = _saveDataRootPath.DangerousGetPath();
+                return _serviceImpl.ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(out data, targetSpaceId, saveDataId, key.Type, in path);
+            }
 
             res = SaveDataAccessibilityChecker.CheckDelete(in key, programInfo, GetExtraData);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -842,7 +845,7 @@ internal class SaveDataFileSystemService : ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface, ISave
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    public Result SetSaveDataRootPath(in FspPath path)
+    public Result SetSaveDataRootPath(ref readonly FspPath path)
     {
         Result res = GetProgramInfo(out ProgramInfo programInfo);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -1165,7 +1168,7 @@ internal class SaveDataFileSystemService : ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface, ISave
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in SaveDataAttribute attribute)
+    public Result GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, SaveDataAttribute attribute)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out info);
 
@@ -1849,7 +1852,7 @@ internal class SaveDataFileSystemService : ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface, ISave
             tempAttribute.ProgramId = ResolveDefaultSaveDataReferenceProgramId(programInfo.ProgramId);
         }
 
-        res = GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, spaceId, in tempAttribute);
+        res = GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, spaceId, tempAttribute);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         // Make a mask for reading the entire extra data
@@ -1898,7 +1901,7 @@ internal class SaveDataFileSystemService : ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface, ISave
             tempAttribute.ProgramId = ResolveDefaultSaveDataReferenceProgramId(programInfo.ProgramId);
         }
 
-        res = GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, spaceId, in tempAttribute);
+        res = GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, spaceId, tempAttribute);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         return ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraDataCore(out extraDataRef, spaceId, info.SaveDataId, in maskRef).Ret();
@@ -1978,7 +1981,7 @@ internal class SaveDataFileSystemService : ISaveDataTransferCoreInterface, ISave
             tempAttribute.ProgramId = ResolveDefaultSaveDataReferenceProgramId(programInfo.ProgramId);
         }
 
-        res = GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, spaceId, in tempAttribute);
+        res = GetSaveDataInfo(out SaveDataInfo info, spaceId, tempAttribute);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         return WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraDataWithMask(info.SaveDataId, spaceId, extraData, extraDataMask).Ret();

src/LibHac/FsSrv/SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl.cs

@@ -82,12 +82,12 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
                spaceId == SaveDataSpaceId.SafeMode;
     }
 
-    private static Result WipeData(IFileSystem fileSystem, in Path filePath, RandomDataGenerator random)
+    private static Result WipeData(IFileSystem fileSystem, ref readonly Path filePath, RandomDataGenerator random)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    private static Result WipeMasterHeader(IFileSystem fileSystem, in Path filePath, RandomDataGenerator random)
+    private static Result WipeMasterHeader(IFileSystem fileSystem, ref readonly Path filePath, RandomDataGenerator random)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result OpenSaveDataFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
-        ulong saveDataId, in Path saveDataRootPath, bool openReadOnly, SaveDataType type, bool cacheExtraData)
+        ulong saveDataId, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath, bool openReadOnly, SaveDataType type, bool cacheExtraData)
     {
         using var fileSystem = new SharedRef<IFileSystem>();
 
@@ -241,33 +241,33 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result OpenSaveDataInternalStorageFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId, in Path saveDataRootPath, bool useSecondMacKey,
+        SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath, bool useSecondMacKey,
         bool isReconstructible)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
     private Result OpenSaveDataImageFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId,
-        in Path saveDataRootPath)
+        ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
     public Result ExtendSaveDataFileSystemCore(out long extendedTotalSize, ulong saveDataId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
-        SaveDataType type, long dataSize, long journalSize, in Path saveDataRootPath, bool isExtensionStart)
+        SaveDataType type, long dataSize, long journalSize, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath, bool isExtensionStart)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
     public Result StartExtendSaveDataFileSystem(out long extendedTotalSize, ulong saveDataId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
-        SaveDataType type, long dataSize, long journalSize, in Path saveDataRootPath)
+        SaveDataType type, long dataSize, long journalSize, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         return ExtendSaveDataFileSystemCore(out extendedTotalSize, saveDataId, spaceId, type, dataSize, journalSize,
             in saveDataRootPath, isExtensionStart: true);
     }
 
     public Result ResumeExtendSaveDataFileSystem(out long extendedTotalSize, ulong saveDataId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
-        SaveDataType type, in Path saveDataRootPath)
+        SaveDataType type, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         return ExtendSaveDataFileSystemCore(out extendedTotalSize, saveDataId, spaceId, type, dataSize: 0,
             journalSize: 0, in saveDataRootPath, isExtensionStart: false);
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public void RevertExtendSaveDataFileSystem(ulong saveDataId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, long originalSize,
-        in Path saveDataRootPath)
+        ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         using var saveDataFile = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
         Result res = OpenSaveDataImageFile(ref saveDataFile.Ref, spaceId, saveDataId, in saveDataRootPath);
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result CreateSaveDataFileSystem(ulong saveDataId, in SaveDataCreationInfo2 creationInfo,
-        in Path saveDataRootPath, bool skipFormat)
+        ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath, bool skipFormat)
     {
         Unsafe.SkipInit(out Array18<byte> saveImageNameBuffer);
 
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result DeleteSaveDataFileSystem(SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId, bool wipeSaveFile,
-        in Path saveDataRootPath)
+        ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         Unsafe.SkipInit(out Array18<byte> saveImageNameBuffer);
 
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result ReadSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(out SaveDataExtraData extraData, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId,
-        ulong saveDataId, SaveDataType type, in Path saveDataRootPath)
+        ulong saveDataId, SaveDataType type, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out extraData);
 
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
 
             // We won't actually use the returned save data FS.
             // Opening the FS should cache an extra data accessor for it.
-            res = OpenSaveDataFileSystem(ref unusedSaveDataFs.Ref, spaceId, saveDataId, saveDataRootPath,
+            res = OpenSaveDataFileSystem(ref unusedSaveDataFs.Ref, spaceId, saveDataId, in saveDataRootPath,
                 openReadOnly: true, type, cacheExtraData: true);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
@@ -581,7 +581,8 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result WriteSaveDataFileSystemExtraData(SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId,
-        in SaveDataExtraData extraData, in Path saveDataRootPath, SaveDataType type, bool updateTimeStamp)
+        in SaveDataExtraData extraData, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath, SaveDataType type,
+        bool updateTimeStamp)
     {
         // Emulated save data on a host device doesn't have extra data.
         if (IsAllowedDirectorySaveData(spaceId, in saveDataRootPath))
@@ -604,7 +605,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
 
             // We won't actually use the returned save data FS.
             // Opening the FS should cache an extra data accessor for it.
-            res = OpenSaveDataFileSystem(ref unusedSaveDataFs.Ref, spaceId, saveDataId, saveDataRootPath,
+            res = OpenSaveDataFileSystem(ref unusedSaveDataFs.Ref, spaceId, saveDataId, in saveDataRootPath,
                 openReadOnly: false, type, cacheExtraData: true);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
@@ -625,7 +626,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result CorruptSaveDataFileSystem(SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId, long offset,
-        in Path saveDataRootPath)
+        ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
@@ -635,7 +636,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
         return _config.TimeService.GetCurrentPosixTime(out timeStamp);
     }
 
-    private bool IsSaveEmulated(in Path saveDataRootPath)
+    private bool IsSaveEmulated(ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         return !saveDataRootPath.IsEmpty();
     }
@@ -649,7 +650,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result OpenSaveDataDirectoryFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in Path saveDataRootPath, bool allowEmulatedSave)
+        SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath, bool allowEmulatedSave)
     {
         Result res;
 
@@ -662,7 +663,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
                     // Ensure the target save data directory exists
                     res = _config.TargetManagerFsCreator.Create(ref tmFileSystem.Ref, in saveDataRootPath,
                         openCaseSensitive: false, ensureRootPathExists: true,
-                        ResultFs.SaveDataRootPathUnavailable.Value);
+                        pathNotFoundResult: ResultFs.SaveDataRootPathUnavailable.Value);
                     if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
                 }
 
@@ -674,13 +675,13 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
                 res = _config.TargetManagerFsCreator.Create(ref outFileSystem, in path, isTargetFsCaseSensitive,
-                    ensureRootPathExists: false, ResultFs.SaveDataRootPathUnavailable.Value);
+                    ensureRootPathExists: false, pathNotFoundResult: ResultFs.SaveDataRootPathUnavailable.Value);
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
             }
             else
             {
                 res = _config.LocalFsCreator.Create(ref outFileSystem, in saveDataRootPath, openCaseSensitive: true,
-                    ensureRootPathExists: true, ResultFs.SaveDataRootPathUnavailable.Value);
+                    ensureRootPathExists: true, pathNotFoundResult: ResultFs.SaveDataRootPathUnavailable.Value);
                 if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
             }
 
@@ -709,13 +710,13 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     }
 
     public Result OpenSaveDataDirectoryFileSystemImpl(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in Path directoryPath)
+        SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ref readonly Path directoryPath)
     {
         return OpenSaveDataDirectoryFileSystemImpl(ref outFileSystem, spaceId, in directoryPath, createIfMissing: true);
     }
 
     public Result OpenSaveDataDirectoryFileSystemImpl(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> outFileSystem,
-        SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in Path directoryPath, bool createIfMissing)
+        SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ref readonly Path directoryPath, bool createIfMissing)
     {
         using var baseFileSystem = new SharedRef<IFileSystem>();
 
@@ -819,7 +820,7 @@ public class SaveDataFileSystemServiceImpl : IDisposable
     /// <summary>
     /// Checks if a save is to be stored on a host device.
     /// </summary>
-    public bool IsAllowedDirectorySaveData(SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in Path saveDataRootPath)
+    public bool IsAllowedDirectorySaveData(SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ref readonly Path saveDataRootPath)
     {
         return spaceId == SaveDataSpaceId.User && IsSaveEmulated(in saveDataRootPath);
     }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/SaveDataIndexer.cs

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ public class SaveDataIndexer : ISaveDataIndexer
     {
         private WeakRef<Reader> _reader;
 
-        public ReaderAccessor(in SharedRef<Reader> reader)
+        public ReaderAccessor(ref readonly SharedRef<Reader> reader)
         {
             _reader = new WeakRef<Reader>(in reader);
         }
@@ -748,7 +748,7 @@ public class SaveDataIndexer : ISaveDataIndexer
     /// </summary>
     /// <param name="reader">The reader to add.</param>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the operation.</returns>
-    private Result RegisterReader(in SharedRef<Reader> reader)
+    private Result RegisterReader(ref readonly SharedRef<Reader> reader)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequires(_mutex.IsLockedByCurrentThread());
 

src/LibHac/FsSrv/SaveDataSharedFileStorage.cs

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public class SaveDataOpenTypeSetFileStorage : FileStorageBasedFileSystem
         _mutex = new SdkMutexType();
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, in Path path, OpenMode mode, OpenType type)
+    public Result Initialize(ref SharedRef<IFileSystem> baseFileSystem, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode, OpenType type)
     {
         Result res = Initialize(ref baseFileSystem, in path, mode);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Sf/IFileSystem.cs

@@ -11,21 +11,21 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSrv.Sf;
 public interface IFileSystem : IDisposable
 {
     Result GetImpl(ref SharedRef<Fs.Fsa.IFileSystem> fileSystem);
-    Result CreateFile(in Path path, long size, int option);
-    Result DeleteFile(in Path path);
-    Result CreateDirectory(in Path path);
-    Result DeleteDirectory(in Path path);
-    Result DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path);
-    Result RenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath);
-    Result RenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath);
-    Result GetEntryType(out uint entryType, in Path path);
-    Result OpenFile(ref SharedRef<IFileSf> outFile, in Path path, uint mode);
-    Result OpenDirectory(ref SharedRef<IDirectorySf> outDirectory, in Path path, uint mode);
+    Result CreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, int option);
+    Result DeleteFile(ref readonly Path path);
+    Result CreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path);
+    Result DeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path);
+    Result DeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path);
+    Result RenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath);
+    Result RenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath);
+    Result GetEntryType(out uint entryType, ref readonly Path path);
+    Result OpenFile(ref SharedRef<IFileSf> outFile, ref readonly Path path, uint mode);
+    Result OpenDirectory(ref SharedRef<IDirectorySf> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path, uint mode);
     Result Commit();
-    Result GetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path);
-    Result GetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path);
-    Result CleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path);
-    Result GetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path);
-    Result QueryEntry(OutBuffer outBuffer, InBuffer inBuffer, int queryId, in Path path);
+    Result GetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path);
+    Result GetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path);
+    Result CleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path);
+    Result GetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path);
+    Result QueryEntry(OutBuffer outBuffer, InBuffer inBuffer, int queryId, ref readonly Path path);
     Result GetFileSystemAttribute(out FileSystemAttribute outAttribute);
 }

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Sf/IFileSystemProxy.cs

@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ public interface IFileSystemProxy : IDisposable
     Result SetCurrentProcess(ulong processId);
     Result OpenDataFileSystemByCurrentProcess(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem);
     Result OpenFileSystemWithPatch(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ProgramId programId, FileSystemProxyType fsType);
-    Result OpenFileSystemWithId(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path, ulong id, FileSystemProxyType fsType);
+    Result OpenFileSystemWithId(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path, ulong id, FileSystemProxyType fsType);
     Result OpenDataFileSystemByProgramId(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ProgramId programId);
-    Result OpenBisFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath rootPath, BisPartitionId partitionId);
+    Result OpenBisFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath rootPath, BisPartitionId partitionId);
     Result OpenBisStorage(ref SharedRef<IStorageSf> outStorage, BisPartitionId partitionId);
     Result InvalidateBisCache();
-    Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path);
+    Result OpenHostFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path);
     Result OpenSdCardFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem);
     Result FormatSdCardFileSystem();
     Result DeleteSaveDataFileSystem(ulong saveDataId);
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public interface IFileSystemProxy : IDisposable
     Result DeleteCacheStorage(ushort index);
     Result GetCacheStorageSize(out long dataSize, out long journalSize, ushort index);
     Result CreateSaveDataFileSystemWithHashSalt(in SaveDataAttribute attribute, in SaveDataCreationInfo creationInfo, in SaveDataMetaInfo metaInfo, in HashSalt hashSalt);
-    Result OpenHostFileSystemWithOption(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path, MountHostOption option);
+    Result OpenHostFileSystemWithOption(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path, MountHostOption option);
     Result CreateSaveDataFileSystemWithCreationInfo2(in SaveDataCreationInfo2 creationInfo);
     Result OpenSaveDataFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in SaveDataAttribute attribute);
     Result OpenSaveDataFileSystemBySystemSaveDataId(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, in SaveDataAttribute attribute);
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public interface IFileSystemProxy : IDisposable
     Result OpenDataStorageByDataId(ref SharedRef<IStorageSf> outStorage, DataId dataId, StorageId storageId);
     Result OpenPatchDataStorageByCurrentProcess(ref SharedRef<IStorageSf> outStorage);
     Result OpenDataFileSystemWithProgramIndex(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, byte programIndex);
-    Result OpenDataStorageByPath(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, in FspPath path, FileSystemProxyType fsType);
+    Result OpenDataStorageByPath(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> outFileSystem, ref readonly FspPath path, FileSystemProxyType fsType);
     Result OpenDataStorageWithProgramIndex(ref SharedRef<IStorageSf> outStorage, byte programIndex);
     Result OpenDeviceOperator(ref SharedRef<IDeviceOperator> outDeviceOperator);
     Result OpenSdCardDetectionEventNotifier(ref SharedRef<IEventNotifier> outEventNotifier);
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ public interface IFileSystemProxy : IDisposable
     Result GetRightsId(out RightsId rightsId, ProgramId programId, StorageId storageId);
     Result RegisterExternalKey(in RightsId rightsId, in AccessKey externalKey);
     Result UnregisterAllExternalKey();
-    Result GetRightsIdByPath(out RightsId rightsId, in FspPath path);
-    Result GetRightsIdAndKeyGenerationByPath(out RightsId rightsId, out byte keyGeneration, in FspPath path);
+    Result GetRightsIdByPath(out RightsId rightsId, ref readonly FspPath path);
+    Result GetRightsIdAndKeyGenerationByPath(out RightsId rightsId, out byte keyGeneration, ref readonly FspPath path);
     Result SetCurrentPosixTimeWithTimeDifference(long currentTime, int timeDifference);
     Result GetFreeSpaceSizeForSaveData(out long freeSpaceSize, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId);
     Result VerifySaveDataFileSystemBySaveDataSpaceId(SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId, OutBuffer readBuffer);
@@ -114,9 +114,9 @@ public interface IFileSystemProxy : IDisposable
     Result AbandonAccessFailure(ulong processId);
     Result GetAndClearErrorInfo(out FileSystemProxyErrorInfo errorInfo);
     Result RegisterProgramIndexMapInfo(InBuffer programIndexMapInfoBuffer, int programCount);
-    Result SetBisRootForHost(BisPartitionId partitionId, in FspPath path);
+    Result SetBisRootForHost(BisPartitionId partitionId, ref readonly FspPath path);
     Result SetSaveDataSize(long saveDataSize, long saveDataJournalSize);
-    Result SetSaveDataRootPath(in FspPath path);
+    Result SetSaveDataRootPath(ref readonly FspPath path);
     Result DisableAutoSaveDataCreation();
     Result SetGlobalAccessLogMode(GlobalAccessLogMode mode);
     Result GetGlobalAccessLogMode(out GlobalAccessLogMode mode);

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Sf/IFileSystemProxyForLoader.cs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSrv.Sf;
 public interface IFileSystemProxyForLoader : IDisposable
 {
     Result OpenCodeFileSystem(ref SharedRef<IFileSystemSf> fileSystem,
-        out CodeVerificationData verificationData, in FspPath path, ProgramId programId);
+        out CodeVerificationData verificationData, ref readonly FspPath path, ProgramId programId);
 
     Result IsArchivedProgram(out bool isArchived, ulong processId);
     Result SetCurrentProcess(ulong processId);

src/LibHac/FsSrv/Sf/ISaveDataTransferManagerForSaveDataRepair.cs

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ public interface ISaveDataTransferManagerForSaveDataRepair : IDisposable
     public Result SetKeyPackage(InBuffer keyPackage);
     public Result OpenSaveDataExporterAndGetEncryptedKey(ref SharedRef<ISaveDataDivisionExporter> outExporter, out RsaEncryptedKey key, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId);
     public Result PrepareOpenSaveDataImporter(out RsaEncryptedKey key);
-    public Result OpenSaveDataImporterForSaveDataAfterRepair(ref SharedRef<ISaveDataDivisionImporter> outImporter, InBuffer initialDataBeforeRepair, InBuffer initialDataAfterRepair, UserId userId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId);
-    public Result OpenSaveDataImporterForSaveDataBeforeRepair(ref SharedRef<ISaveDataDivisionImporter> outImporter, InBuffer initialData, UserId userId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId);
+    public Result OpenSaveDataImporterForSaveDataAfterRepair(ref SharedRef<ISaveDataDivisionImporter> outImporter, InBuffer initialDataBeforeRepair, InBuffer initialDataAfterRepair, in UserId userId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId);
+    public Result OpenSaveDataImporterForSaveDataBeforeRepair(ref SharedRef<ISaveDataDivisionImporter> outImporter, InBuffer initialData, in UserId userId, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId);
     public Result OpenSaveDataExporterWithKey(ref SharedRef<ISaveDataDivisionExporter> outExporter, in AesKey key, SaveDataSpaceId spaceId, ulong saveDataId);
-    public Result OpenSaveDataImporterWithKey(ref SharedRef<ISaveDataDivisionImporter> outImporter, in AesKey key, InBuffer initialData, UserId userId, ulong saveDataSpaceId);
+    public Result OpenSaveDataImporterWithKey(ref SharedRef<ISaveDataDivisionImporter> outImporter, in AesKey key, InBuffer initialData, in UserId userId, ulong saveDataSpaceId);
 }

src/LibHac/FsSystem/AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage.cs

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public class AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage : IStorage
 
     // ReSharper disable once UnusedMember.Local
     private Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, ReadOnlySpan<byte> key, uint secureValue,
-        in ValueSubStorage dataStorage, in ValueSubStorage tableStorage)
+        ref readonly ValueSubStorage dataStorage, ref readonly ValueSubStorage tableStorage)
     {
         Unsafe.SkipInit(out BucketTree.Header header);
 
@@ -159,8 +159,8 @@ public class AesCtrCounterExtendedStorage : IStorage
     }
 
     public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, ReadOnlySpan<byte> key, uint secureValue, long counterOffset,
-        in ValueSubStorage dataStorage, in ValueSubStorage nodeStorage, in ValueSubStorage entryStorage, int entryCount,
-        ref UniqueRef<IDecryptor> decryptor)
+        ref readonly ValueSubStorage dataStorage, ref readonly ValueSubStorage nodeStorage,
+        ref readonly ValueSubStorage entryStorage, int entryCount, ref UniqueRef<IDecryptor> decryptor)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresEqual(key.Length, KeySize);
         Assert.SdkRequiresGreaterEqual(counterOffset, 0);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/AesCtrStorage.cs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ public class AesCtrStorage : IStorage
         iv.CopyTo(_iv);
     }
 
-    public AesCtrStorage(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, ReadOnlySpan<byte> key, ReadOnlySpan<byte> iv)
+    public AesCtrStorage(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, ReadOnlySpan<byte> key, ReadOnlySpan<byte> iv)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresNotNull(in baseStorage);
         Assert.SdkRequiresEqual(key.Length, KeySize);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/AesXtsStorageExternal.cs

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public class AesXtsStorageExternal : IStorage
         iv.CopyTo(_iv);
     }
 
-    public AesXtsStorageExternal(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, ReadOnlySpan<byte> key1, ReadOnlySpan<byte> key2,
+    public AesXtsStorageExternal(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, ReadOnlySpan<byte> key1, ReadOnlySpan<byte> key2,
         ReadOnlySpan<byte> iv, uint blockSize, CryptAesXtsFunction encryptFunction, CryptAesXtsFunction decryptFunction)
         : this(baseStorage.Get, key1, key2, iv, blockSize, encryptFunction, decryptFunction)
     {

src/LibHac/FsSystem/AlignmentMatchingStorage.cs

@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ public class AlignmentMatchingStoragePooledBuffer<TBufferAlignment> : IStorage
         Assert.SdkRequires(BitUtil.IsPowerOfTwo(dataAlign), "DataAlign must be a power of 2.");
     }
 
-    public AlignmentMatchingStoragePooledBuffer(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, int dataAlign)
+    public AlignmentMatchingStoragePooledBuffer(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, int dataAlign)
     {
         Abort.DoAbortUnless(BitUtil.IsPowerOfTwo(BufferAlign));
 
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ public class AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead<TBufferAlignment> : IStorage
         Assert.SdkRequires(BitUtil.IsPowerOfTwo(dataAlignment));
     }
 
-    public AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, int dataAlignment)
+    public AlignmentMatchingStorageInBulkRead(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, int dataAlignment)
     {
         Abort.DoAbortUnless(BitUtil.IsPowerOfTwo(BufferAlign));
 

src/LibHac/FsSystem/AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl.cs

@@ -33,13 +33,13 @@ public static class AlignmentMatchingStorageImpl
         return (uint)(Alignment.AlignUp(value, alignment) - value);
     }
 
-    public static Result Read(in SharedRef<IStorage> storage, Span<byte> workBuffer, uint dataAlignment,
+    public static Result Read(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> storage, Span<byte> workBuffer, uint dataAlignment,
         uint bufferAlignment, long offset, Span<byte> destination)
     {
         return Read(storage.Get, workBuffer, dataAlignment, bufferAlignment, offset, destination);
     }
 
-    public static Result Write(in SharedRef<IStorage> storage, Span<byte> subBuffer, uint dataAlignment,
+    public static Result Write(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> storage, Span<byte> subBuffer, uint dataAlignment,
         uint bufferAlignment, long offset, ReadOnlySpan<byte> source)
     {
         return Write(storage.Get, subBuffer, dataAlignment, bufferAlignment, offset, source);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/ApplicationTemporaryFileSystem.cs

@@ -7,57 +7,57 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSystem;
 
 public class ApplicationTemporaryFileSystem : IFileSystem, ISaveDataExtraDataAccessor
 {
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         throw new NotImplementedException();

src/LibHac/FsSystem/BucketTree.cs

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ file struct StorageNode
         _index = (int)(pos - _start) - 1;
     }
 
-    public Result Find(in ValueSubStorage storage, long virtualAddress)
+    public Result Find(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage, long virtualAddress)
     {
         int end = _count;
         Offset pos = _start;
@@ -489,8 +489,8 @@ public partial class BucketTree : IDisposable
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, in ValueSubStorage nodeStorage, in ValueSubStorage entryStorage,
-        int nodeSize, int entrySize, int entryCount)
+    public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, ref readonly ValueSubStorage nodeStorage,
+        ref readonly ValueSubStorage entryStorage, int nodeSize, int entrySize, int entryCount)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresNotNull(allocator);
         Assert.SdkRequiresLessEqual(sizeof(long), entrySize);
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ public partial class BucketTree : IDisposable
     }
 
     private Result ScanContinuousReading<TEntry>(out ContinuousReadingInfo info,
-        in ContinuousReadingParam<TEntry> param) where TEntry : unmanaged, IContinuousReadingEntry
+        ref readonly ContinuousReadingParam<TEntry> param) where TEntry : unmanaged, IContinuousReadingEntry
     {
         Assert.SdkRequires(IsInitialized());
         Assert.Equal(Unsafe.SizeOf<TEntry>(), _entrySize);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/BucketTreeBuilder.cs

@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ public partial class BucketTree
         /// <param name="entrySize">The size of each entry that will be stored in the bucket tree.</param>
         /// <param name="entryCount">The exact number of entries that will be added to the bucket tree.</param>
         /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the operation.</returns>
-        public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, in ValueSubStorage headerStorage,
-            in ValueSubStorage nodeStorage, in ValueSubStorage entryStorage, int nodeSize, int entrySize,
-            int entryCount)
+        public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, ref readonly ValueSubStorage headerStorage,
+            ref readonly ValueSubStorage nodeStorage, ref readonly ValueSubStorage entryStorage, int nodeSize,
+            int entrySize, int entryCount)
         {
             Assert.NotNull(allocator);
             Assert.SdkRequiresLessEqual(sizeof(long), entrySize);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/BufferedStorage.cs

@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ public class BufferedStorage : IStorage
         /// <param name="sharedCache">The <see cref="SharedCache"/> to gain exclusive access to.</param>
         /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the operation, and <see langword="true"/> if exclusive
         /// access to the <see cref="_cache"/> was gained; <see langword="false"/> if not.</returns>
-        public (Result Result, bool wasUpgradeSuccessful) Upgrade(in SharedCache sharedCache)
+        public (Result Result, bool wasUpgradeSuccessful) Upgrade(ref readonly SharedCache sharedCache)
         {
             Assert.SdkRequires(_bufferedStorage == sharedCache.BufferedStorage);
             Assert.SdkRequires(!sharedCache.Cache.IsNull);
@@ -989,7 +989,8 @@ public class BufferedStorage : IStorage
     /// <param name="blockSize">The size of each cached block. Must be a power of 2.</param>
     /// <param name="bufferCount">The maximum number of blocks that can be cached at one time.</param>
     /// <returns></returns>
-    public Result Initialize(in ValueSubStorage baseStorage, IBufferManager bufferManager, int blockSize, int bufferCount)
+    public Result Initialize(ref readonly ValueSubStorage baseStorage, IBufferManager bufferManager, int blockSize,
+        int bufferCount)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresNotNull(bufferManager);
         Assert.SdkRequiresLess(0, blockSize);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/CompressedStorage.cs

@@ -64,9 +64,10 @@ public class CompressedStorage : IStorage, IAsynchronousAccessSplitter
             throw new NotImplementedException();
         }
 
-        public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocatorForBucketTree, in ValueSubStorage dataStorage,
-            in ValueSubStorage nodeStorage, in ValueSubStorage entryStorage, int bucketTreeEntryCount,
-            long blockSizeMax, long continuousReadingSizeMax, GetDecompressorFunction getDecompressorFunc)
+        public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocatorForBucketTree, ref readonly ValueSubStorage dataStorage,
+            ref readonly ValueSubStorage nodeStorage, ref readonly ValueSubStorage entryStorage,
+            int bucketTreeEntryCount, long blockSizeMax, long continuousReadingSizeMax,
+            GetDecompressorFunction getDecompressorFunc)
         {
             Assert.SdkRequiresNotNull(allocatorForBucketTree);
             Assert.SdkRequiresLess(0, blockSizeMax);
@@ -296,9 +297,10 @@ public class CompressedStorage : IStorage, IAsynchronousAccessSplitter
     }
 
     public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocatorForBucketTree, IBufferManager allocatorForCacheManager,
-        in ValueSubStorage dataStorage, in ValueSubStorage nodeStorage, in ValueSubStorage entryStorage,
-        int bucketTreeEntryCount, long blockSizeMax, long continuousReadingSizeMax,
-        GetDecompressorFunction getDecompressorFunc, long cacheSize0, long cacheSize1, int maxCacheEntries)
+        ref readonly ValueSubStorage dataStorage, ref readonly ValueSubStorage nodeStorage,
+        ref readonly ValueSubStorage entryStorage, int bucketTreeEntryCount, long blockSizeMax,
+        long continuousReadingSizeMax, GetDecompressorFunction getDecompressorFunc, long cacheSize0, long cacheSize1,
+        int maxCacheEntries)
     {
         Result res = _core.Initialize(allocatorForBucketTree, in dataStorage, in nodeStorage, in entryStorage,
             bucketTreeEntryCount, blockSizeMax, continuousReadingSizeMax, getDecompressorFunc);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/ConcatenationFileSystem.cs

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
             base.Dispose();
         }
 
-        public Result Initialize(in Path path)
+        public Result Initialize(ref readonly Path path)
         {
             return _path.Initialize(in path).Ret();
         }
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
             base.Dispose();
         }
 
-        public Result Initialize(in Path path)
+        public Result Initialize(ref readonly Path path)
         {
             return _path.Initialize(in path).Ret();
         }
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
             return Result.Success;
         }
 
-        private bool IsReadTarget(in DirectoryEntry entry)
+        private bool IsReadTarget(ref readonly DirectoryEntry entry)
         {
             bool hasConcatAttribute = IsConcatenationFileAttribute(entry.Attributes);
 
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return path.AppendChild(buffer).Ret();
     }
 
-    private static Result GenerateInternalFilePath(ref Path outPath, int index, in Path basePath)
+    private static Result GenerateInternalFilePath(ref Path outPath, int index, ref readonly Path basePath)
     {
         Result res = outPath.Initialize(in basePath);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return AppendInternalFilePath(ref outPath, index).Ret();
     }
 
-    private static Result GenerateParentPath(ref Path outParentPath, in Path path)
+    private static Result GenerateParentPath(ref Path outParentPath, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         if (path == RootPath)
             return ResultFs.PathNotFound.Log();
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return attribute.HasFlag(NxFileAttributes.Directory | NxFileAttributes.Archive);
     }
 
-    private bool IsConcatenationFile(in Path path)
+    private bool IsConcatenationFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFileAttributes(out NxFileAttributes attribute, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure())
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return IsConcatenationFileAttribute(attribute);
     }
 
-    private Result GetInternalFileCount(out int count, in Path path)
+    private Result GetInternalFileCount(out int count, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out count);
 
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         }
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
@@ -618,28 +618,28 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
             return Result.Success;
         }
 
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, path).Ret();
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, in path).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, path).Ret();
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in path).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, path).Ret();
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, in path).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFileTimeStampRaw(out timeStamp, path).Ret();
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFileTimeStampRaw(out timeStamp, in path).Ret();
     }
 
     protected override Result DoFlush()
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.Flush().Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
@@ -708,18 +708,18 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         }
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
-        if (IsConcatenationFile(path))
+        if (IsConcatenationFile(in path))
         {
             return ResultFs.PathNotFound.Log();
         }
 
         using var baseDirectory = new UniqueRef<IDirectory>();
-        Result res = _baseFileSystem.Get.OpenDirectory(ref baseDirectory.Ref, path, OpenDirectoryMode.All);
+        Result res = _baseFileSystem.Get.OpenDirectory(ref baseDirectory.Ref, in path, OpenDirectoryMode.All);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         using var concatDirectory = new UniqueRef<ConcatenationDirectory>(
@@ -731,7 +731,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         // Create a normal file if the concatenation file flag isn't set
         if (!option.HasFlag(CreateFileOptions.CreateConcatenationFile))
         {
-            return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateFile(path, size, newOption).Ret();
+            return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateFile(in path, size, newOption).Ret();
         }
 
         using var parentPath = new Path();
@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
             return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(in path).Ret();
         }
 
-        Result res = GetInternalFileCount(out int count, path);
+        Result res = GetInternalFileCount(out int count, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         using var filePath = new Path();
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
@@ -864,26 +864,26 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(in path).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
         // Make sure the directory isn't a concatenation file.
-        if (IsConcatenationFile(path))
+        if (IsConcatenationFile(in path))
             return ResultFs.PathNotFound.Log();
 
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(path).Ret();
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path).Ret();
     }
 
-    private Result CleanDirectoryRecursivelyImpl(in Path path)
+    private Result CleanDirectoryRecursivelyImpl(ref readonly Path path)
     {
-        static Result OnEnterDir(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure) =>
+        static Result OnEnterDir(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure) =>
             Result.Success;
 
-        static Result OnExitDir(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure) =>
+        static Result OnExitDir(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure) =>
             closure.SourceFileSystem.DeleteDirectory(in path).Ret();
 
-        static Result OnFile(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure) =>
+        static Result OnFile(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure) =>
             closure.SourceFileSystem.DeleteFile(in path).Ret();
 
         var closure = new FsIterationTaskClosure();
@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
             ref closure).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         bool isConcatenationFile;
         using (new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex))
@@ -911,7 +911,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         bool isConcatenationFile;
         using (new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex))
@@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return CleanDirectoryRecursivelyImpl(in path).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.RenameFile(in currentPath, in newPath).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.RenameDirectory(in currentPath, in newPath).Ret();
     }
 
-    public Result GetFileSize(out long size, in Path path)
+    public Result GetFileSize(out long size, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out size);
 
@@ -987,7 +987,7 @@ public class ConcatenationFileSystem : IFileSystem
     }
 
     protected override Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-        in Path path)
+        ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedLock = new ScopedLock<SdkMutexType>(ref _mutex);
 

src/LibHac/FsSystem/DirectorySaveDataFileSystem.cs

@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    private Result ResolvePath(ref Path outFullPath, in Path path)
+    private Result ResolvePath(ref Path outFullPath, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var pathDirectoryName = new Path();
 
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolvePath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolvePath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolvePath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolvePath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolvePath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolvePath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         using var currentFullPath = new Path();
         using var newFullPath = new Path();
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         using var currentFullPath = new Path();
         using var newFullPath = new Path();
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out entryType);
 
@@ -487,7 +487,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolvePath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
@@ -531,10 +531,10 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
     /// <param name="destPath">The path of the destination directory.</param>
     /// <param name="sourcePath">The path of the source directory.</param>
     /// <returns>The <see cref="Result"/> of the operation.</returns>
-    private Result SynchronizeDirectory(in Path destPath, in Path sourcePath)
+    private Result SynchronizeDirectory(ref readonly Path destPath, ref readonly Path sourcePath)
     {
         // Delete destination dir and recreate it.
-        Result res = _baseFs.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(destPath);
+        Result res = _baseFs.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in destPath);
 
         // Changed: Nintendo returns all errors unconditionally because SynchronizeDirectory is always called 
         // in situations where a PathNotFound error would mean the save directory was in an invalid state.
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         // put the save directory in an invalid state.
         if (res.IsFailure() && !ResultFs.PathNotFound.Includes(res)) return res;
 
-        res = _baseFs.CreateDirectory(destPath);
+        res = _baseFs.CreateDirectory(in destPath);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         var directoryEntry = new DirectoryEntry();
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out freeSpace);
 
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out totalSpace);
 
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return PathFunctions.SetUpFixedPath(ref path, extraDataName);
     }
 
-    private Result EnsureExtraDataSize(in Path path)
+    private Result EnsureExtraDataSize(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var file = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
         Result res = _baseFs.OpenFile(ref file.Ref, in path, OpenMode.ReadWrite);
@@ -910,7 +910,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return file.Get.SetSize(Unsafe.SizeOf<SaveDataExtraData>());
     }
 
-    private Result SynchronizeExtraData(in Path destPath, in Path sourcePath)
+    private Result SynchronizeExtraData(ref readonly Path destPath, ref readonly Path sourcePath)
     {
         Span<byte> workBuffer = stackalloc byte[Unsafe.SizeOf<SaveDataExtraData>()];
 
@@ -961,7 +961,7 @@ public class DirectorySaveDataFileSystem : ISaveDataFileSystem
         return WriteExtraDataImpl(in extraData);
     }
 
-    private Result WriteExtraDataImpl(in SaveDataExtraData extraData)
+    private Result WriteExtraDataImpl(ref readonly SaveDataExtraData extraData)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequires(_mutex.IsLockedByCurrentThread());
 

src/LibHac/FsSystem/ForwardingFileSystem.cs

@@ -90,40 +90,40 @@ public class ForwardingFileSystem : IFileSystem
         base.Dispose();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option) =>
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.CreateFile(in path, size, option);
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path) => BaseFileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(in path);
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path) => BaseFileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(in path);
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path) => BaseFileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(in path);
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path) => BaseFileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(in path);
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path) => BaseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path);
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path) => BaseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path);
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in path);
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.CleanDirectoryRecursively(in path);
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath) =>
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.RenameFile(in currentPath, in newPath);
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath) =>
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.RenameDirectory(in currentPath, in newPath);
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, in path);
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in path);
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, in path);
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode) =>
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.OpenFile(ref outFile, in path, mode);
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.OpenDirectory(ref outDirectory, in path, mode);
 
@@ -136,12 +136,12 @@ public class ForwardingFileSystem : IFileSystem
 
     protected override Result DoFlush() => BaseFileSystem.Get.Flush();
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path) =>
+    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.GetFileTimeStampRaw(out timeStamp, in path);
 
     protected override Result DoGetFileSystemAttribute(out FileSystemAttribute outAttribute) =>
         BaseFileSystem.Get.GetFileSystemAttribute(out outAttribute);
 
     protected override Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-        in Path path) => BaseFileSystem.Get.QueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, in path);
+        ref readonly Path path) => BaseFileSystem.Get.QueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, in path);
 }

src/LibHac/FsSystem/HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage.cs

@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ public class HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea : IDisposable
         }
     }
 
-    public static Result Format(in ValueSubStorage metaStorage,
+    public static Result Format(ref readonly ValueSubStorage metaStorage,
         in HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation metaInfo)
     {
         // Ensure the storage is large enough to hold the meta info.
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public class HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea : IDisposable
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public static Result Expand(in ValueSubStorage metaStorage,
+    public static Result Expand(ref readonly ValueSubStorage metaStorage,
         in HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationMetaInformation newMeta)
     {
         // Ensure the storage is large enough to hold the meta info.
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ public class HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorageControlArea : IDisposable
         outInfo = _meta.LevelHashInfo;
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(in ValueSubStorage metaStorage)
+    public Result Initialize(ref readonly ValueSubStorage metaStorage)
     {
         // Ensure the storage is large enough to hold the meta info.
         Result res = metaStorage.GetSize(out long metaSize);
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ public class HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage : IStorage
 
         private ValueSubStorage[] _storages;
 
-        public HierarchicalStorageInformation(in HierarchicalStorageInformation other)
+        public HierarchicalStorageInformation(ref readonly HierarchicalStorageInformation other)
         {
             _storages = new ValueSubStorage[(int)Storage.DataStorage + 1];
 
@@ -311,13 +311,13 @@ public class HierarchicalIntegrityVerificationStorage : IStorage
             }
         }
 
-        public void SetMasterHashStorage(in ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.MasterStorage].Set(in storage);
-        public void SetLayer1HashStorage(in ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer1Storage].Set(in storage);
-        public void SetLayer2HashStorage(in ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer2Storage].Set(in storage);
-        public void SetLayer3HashStorage(in ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer3Storage].Set(in storage);
-        public void SetLayer4HashStorage(in ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer4Storage].Set(in storage);
-        public void SetLayer5HashStorage(in ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer5Storage].Set(in storage);
-        public void SetDataStorage(in ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.DataStorage].Set(in storage);
+        public void SetMasterHashStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.MasterStorage].Set(in storage);
+        public void SetLayer1HashStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer1Storage].Set(in storage);
+        public void SetLayer2HashStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer2Storage].Set(in storage);
+        public void SetLayer3HashStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer3Storage].Set(in storage);
+        public void SetLayer4HashStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer4Storage].Set(in storage);
+        public void SetLayer5HashStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.Layer5Storage].Set(in storage);
+        public void SetDataStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage) => _storages[(int)Storage.DataStorage].Set(in storage);
     }
 
     internal const uint IntegrityVerificationStorageMagic = 0x43465649; // IVFC

src/LibHac/FsSystem/IResultConvertFileSystem.cs

@@ -122,47 +122,47 @@ public abstract class IResultConvertFileSystem<T> : ISaveDataFileSystem where T
 
     protected abstract Result ConvertResult(Result result);
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.CreateFile(in path, size)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(in path)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(in path)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in path)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.CleanDirectoryRecursively(in path)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.RenameFile(in currentPath, in newPath)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.RenameDirectory(in currentPath, in newPath)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, in path)).Ret();
     }
@@ -187,23 +187,23 @@ public abstract class IResultConvertFileSystem<T> : ISaveDataFileSystem where T
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.Flush()).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.GetFileTimeStampRaw(out timeStamp, in path)).Ret();
     }
 
     protected override Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-        in Path path)
+        ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.QueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, in path)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in path)).Ret();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ConvertResult(_baseFileSystem.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, in path)).Ret();
     }

src/LibHac/FsSystem/IndirectStorage.cs

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ public class IndirectStorage : IStorage
     public static long QueryEntryStorageSize(int entryCount) =>
         BucketTree.QueryEntryStorageSize(NodeSize, Unsafe.SizeOf<Entry>(), entryCount);
 
-    public void SetStorage(int index, in ValueSubStorage storage)
+    public void SetStorage(int index, ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresInRange(index, 0, StorageCount);
         _dataStorage[index].Set(in storage);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public class IndirectStorage : IStorage
         return _table.IsInitialized();
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, in ValueSubStorage tableStorage)
+    public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, ref readonly ValueSubStorage tableStorage)
     {
         Unsafe.SkipInit(out BucketTree.Header header);
 
@@ -141,14 +141,14 @@ public class IndirectStorage : IStorage
         if (storageSize < entryStorageOffset + entryStorageSize)
             return ResultFs.InvalidIndirectStorageBucketTreeSize.Log();
 
-        using var nodeStorage = new ValueSubStorage(tableStorage, nodeStorageOffset, nodeStorageSize);
-        using var entryStorage = new ValueSubStorage(tableStorage, entryStorageOffset, entryStorageSize);
+        using var nodeStorage = new ValueSubStorage(in tableStorage, nodeStorageOffset, nodeStorageSize);
+        using var entryStorage = new ValueSubStorage(in tableStorage, entryStorageOffset, entryStorageSize);
 
         return Initialize(allocator, in nodeStorage, in entryStorage, header.EntryCount);
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, in ValueSubStorage nodeStorage, in ValueSubStorage entryStorage,
-        int entryCount)
+    public Result Initialize(MemoryResource allocator, ref readonly ValueSubStorage nodeStorage,
+        ref readonly ValueSubStorage entryStorage, int entryCount)
     {
         return _table.Initialize(allocator, in nodeStorage, in entryStorage, NodeSize, Unsafe.SizeOf<Entry>(),
             entryCount);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/IntegrityVerificationStorage.cs

@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ public class IntegrityVerificationStorage : IStorage
         return _verificationBlockSize;
     }
 
-    public void Initialize(in ValueSubStorage hashStorage, in ValueSubStorage dataStorage, int sizeVerificationBlock,
-        int sizeUpperLayerVerificationBlock, IBufferManager bufferManager,
+    public void Initialize(ref readonly ValueSubStorage hashStorage, ref readonly ValueSubStorage dataStorage,
+        int sizeVerificationBlock, int sizeUpperLayerVerificationBlock, IBufferManager bufferManager,
         IHash256GeneratorFactory hashGeneratorFactory, in Optional<HashSalt> hashSalt, bool isRealData, bool isWritable,
         bool allowClearedBlocks)
     {
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ public class IntegrityVerificationStorage : IStorage
             {
                 int verifiedSize = (verifiedCount + i) << _verificationBlockOrder;
                 ref BlockHash blockHash = ref signatureBuffer.GetBuffer<BlockHash>()[i];
-                currentResult = VerifyHash(destination.Slice(verifiedCount), ref blockHash, in hashGenerator);
+                currentResult = VerifyHash(destination.Slice(verifiedCount), ref blockHash, ref hashGenerator.Ref);
 
                 if (ResultFs.IntegrityVerificationStorageCorrupted.Includes(currentResult))
                 {
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ public class IntegrityVerificationStorage : IStorage
                     {
                         int updatedSize = (updatedSignatureCount + i) << _verificationBlockOrder;
                         CalcBlockHash(out signatureBuffer.GetBuffer<BlockHash>()[i], source.Slice(updatedSize),
-                            in hashGenerator);
+                            ref hashGenerator.Ref);
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -523,18 +523,18 @@ public class IntegrityVerificationStorage : IStorage
         Result res = _hashGeneratorFactory.Create(ref hashGenerator.Ref);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
-        CalcBlockHash(out outHash, buffer, verificationBlockSize, in hashGenerator);
+        CalcBlockHash(out outHash, buffer, verificationBlockSize, ref hashGenerator.Ref);
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
     private void CalcBlockHash(out BlockHash outHash, ReadOnlySpan<byte> buffer,
-        in UniqueRef<IHash256Generator> hashGenerator)
+        ref UniqueRef<IHash256Generator> hashGenerator)
     {
-        CalcBlockHash(out outHash, buffer, _verificationBlockSize, in hashGenerator);
+        CalcBlockHash(out outHash, buffer, _verificationBlockSize, ref hashGenerator);
     }
 
     private void CalcBlockHash(out BlockHash outHash, ReadOnlySpan<byte> buffer, int verificationBlockSize,
-        in UniqueRef<IHash256Generator> hashGenerator)
+        ref UniqueRef<IHash256Generator> hashGenerator)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out outHash);
 
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ public class IntegrityVerificationStorage : IStorage
     }
 
     private Result VerifyHash(ReadOnlySpan<byte> buffer, ref BlockHash hash,
-        in UniqueRef<IHash256Generator> hashGenerator)
+        ref UniqueRef<IHash256Generator> hashGenerator)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresGreaterEqual(buffer.Length, HashSize);
 
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ public class IntegrityVerificationStorage : IStorage
                 return ResultFs.ClearedRealDataVerificationFailed.Log();
         }
 
-        CalcBlockHash(out BlockHash actualHash, buffer, hashGenerator);
+        CalcBlockHash(out BlockHash actualHash, buffer, ref hashGenerator);
 
         if (!CryptoUtil.IsSameBytes(SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyByteSpan(in hash),
                 SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyByteSpan(in actualHash), Unsafe.SizeOf<BlockHash>()))

src/LibHac/FsSystem/LocalFileSystem.cs

@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    private Result ResolveFullPath(out string outFullPath, in Path path, bool checkCaseSensitivity)
+    private Result ResolveFullPath(out string outFullPath, ref readonly Path path, bool checkCaseSensitivity)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out outFullPath);
 
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileAttributes(out NxFileAttributes attributes, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFileAttributes(out NxFileAttributes attributes, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out attributes);
 
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoSetFileAttributes(in Path path, NxFileAttributes attributes)
+    protected override Result DoSetFileAttributes(ref readonly Path path, NxFileAttributes attributes)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, true);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileSize(out long fileSize, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFileSize(out long fileSize, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out fileSize);
 
@@ -254,12 +254,12 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return GetSizeInternal(out fileSize, info);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
-        return DoCreateDirectory(path, NxFileAttributes.None);
+        return DoCreateDirectory(in path, NxFileAttributes.None);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path, NxFileAttributes archiveAttribute)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path, NxFileAttributes archiveAttribute)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, false);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return CreateDirInternal(dir, archiveAttribute);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, false);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         }
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, true);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
             () => DeleteDirectoryInternal(dir, false), _fsClient);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, true);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
             () => DeleteDirectoryInternal(dir, true), _fsClient);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, true);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return CleanDirectoryInternal(dir, _fsClient);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, true);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
             () => DeleteFileInternal(file), _fsClient);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, true);
@@ -378,12 +378,12 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullPath, in path, true);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
-        res = GetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, path);
+        res = GetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in path);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         if (entryType == DirectoryEntryType.Directory)
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullCurrentPath, in currentPath, true);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
             () => RenameDirInternal(currentDirInfo, newDirInfo), _fsClient);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(out string fullCurrentPath, in currentPath, true);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
             () => RenameFileInternal(currentFileInfo, newFileInfo), _fsClient);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out entryType);
 
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return ResultFs.PathNotFound.Log();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out timeStamp);
 
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out freeSpace);
 
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out totalSpace);
 
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ public class LocalFileSystem : IAttributeFileSystem
     }
 
     protected override Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-        in Path path)
+        ref readonly Path path)
     {
         return ResultFs.UnsupportedOperation.Log();
     }

src/LibHac/FsSystem/NcaReader.cs

@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@ public class NcaReader : IDisposable
         Assert.SdkRequires(_bodyStorage.HasValue);
         Assert.SdkRequiresLessEqual(Unsafe.SizeOf<NcaHeader>(), outBuffer.Length);
 
-        SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyByteSpan(_header).CopyTo(outBuffer);
+        SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyByteSpan(in _header).CopyTo(outBuffer);
     }
 
     public DecryptAesCtrFunction GetExternalDecryptAesCtrFunction()

src/LibHac/FsSystem/PartitionFileSystem.cs

@@ -406,14 +406,14 @@ public class PartitionFileSystemCore<TMetaData, TFormat, THeader, TEntry> : IFil
         base.Dispose();
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage)
+    public Result Initialize(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage)
     {
         _sharedStorage.SetByCopy(in baseStorage);
 
         return Initialize(_sharedStorage.Get).Ret();
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, MemoryResource allocator)
+    public Result Initialize(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, MemoryResource allocator)
     {
         _sharedStorage.SetByCopy(in baseStorage);
 
@@ -445,14 +445,14 @@ public class PartitionFileSystemCore<TMetaData, TFormat, THeader, TEntry> : IFil
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(ref UniqueRef<TMetaData> metaData, in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage)
+    public Result Initialize(ref UniqueRef<TMetaData> metaData, ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage)
     {
         _uniqueMetaData.Set(ref metaData);
 
         return Initialize(_uniqueMetaData.Get, in baseStorage).Ret();
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(TMetaData metaData, in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage)
+    public Result Initialize(TMetaData metaData, ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage)
     {
         if (_isInitialized)
             return ResultFs.PreconditionViolation.Log();
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ public class PartitionFileSystemCore<TMetaData, TFormat, THeader, TEntry> : IFil
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Unsafe.SkipInit(out entryType);
 
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ public class PartitionFileSystemCore<TMetaData, TFormat, THeader, TEntry> : IFil
         return ResultFs.PathNotFound.Log();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         if (!_isInitialized)
             return ResultFs.PreconditionViolation.Log();
@@ -531,7 +531,7 @@ public class PartitionFileSystemCore<TMetaData, TFormat, THeader, TEntry> : IFil
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path, OpenDirectoryMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path, OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         if (!_isInitialized)
             return ResultFs.PreconditionViolation.Log();
@@ -547,14 +547,14 @@ public class PartitionFileSystemCore<TMetaData, TFormat, THeader, TEntry> : IFil
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath) => ResultFs.UnsupportedWriteForPartitionFileSystem.Log();
 
     protected override Result DoCommit()
     {

src/LibHac/FsSystem/PartitionFileSystemMeta.cs

@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ namespace LibHac.FsSystem
         {
             UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out outSize);
 
-            if (!CryptoUtil.IsSameBytes(SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyByteSpan(header), TFormat.VersionSignature,
+            if (!CryptoUtil.IsSameBytes(SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyByteSpan(in header), TFormat.VersionSignature,
                 TFormat.VersionSignature.Length))
             {
                 return TFormat.ResultSignatureVerificationFailed.Log();

src/LibHac/FsSystem/SparseStorage.cs

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public class SparseStorage : IndirectStorage
         SetZeroStorage();
     }
 
-    public void SetDataStorage(in ValueSubStorage storage)
+    public void SetDataStorage(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequires(IsInitialized());
 

src/LibHac/FsSystem/StorageLayoutTypeSetter.cs

@@ -253,73 +253,73 @@ internal class StorageLayoutTypeSetFileSystem : IFileSystem
         base.Dispose();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateFile(path, size, option);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateFile(in path, size, option);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteFile(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.CreateDirectory(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectory(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.DeleteDirectoryRecursively(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.CleanDirectoryRecursively(path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.CleanDirectoryRecursively(in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.RenameFile(currentPath, newPath);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.RenameFile(in currentPath, in newPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.RenameDirectory(currentPath, newPath);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.RenameDirectory(in currentPath, in newPath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetEntryType(out entryType, in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFreeSpaceSize(out freeSpace, in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetTotalSpaceSize(out totalSpace, in path);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
         using var baseFile = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ internal class StorageLayoutTypeSetFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
@@ -368,10 +368,10 @@ internal class StorageLayoutTypeSetFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return _baseFileSystem.Get.Flush();
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFileTimeStampRaw(out timeStamp, path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.GetFileTimeStampRaw(out timeStamp, in path);
     }
 
     protected override Result DoGetFileSystemAttribute(out FileSystemAttribute outAttribute)
@@ -381,9 +381,9 @@ internal class StorageLayoutTypeSetFileSystem : IFileSystem
     }
 
     protected override Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-        in Path path)
+        ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var scopedContext = new ScopedStorageLayoutTypeSetter(_storageFlag);
-        return _baseFileSystem.Get.QueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, path);
+        return _baseFileSystem.Get.QueryEntry(outBuffer, inBuffer, queryId, in path);
     }
 }

src/LibHac/FsSystem/SubdirectoryFileSystem.cs

@@ -32,18 +32,18 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         base.Dispose();
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(in Path rootPath)
+    public Result Initialize(ref readonly Path rootPath)
     {
         return _rootPath.Initialize(in rootPath);
     }
 
-    private Result ResolveFullPath(ref Path outPath, in Path relativePath)
+    private Result ResolveFullPath(ref Path outPath, ref readonly Path relativePath)
     {
         using Path rootPath = _rootPath.DangerousGetPath();
         return outPath.Combine(in rootPath, in relativePath);
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetEntryType(out DirectoryEntryType entryType, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out entryType);
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFreeSpaceSize(out long freeSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out freeSpace);
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetTotalSpaceSize(out long totalSpace, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out totalSpace);
 
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoGetFileTimeStampRaw(out FileTimeStampRaw timeStamp, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         UnsafeHelpers.SkipParamInit(out timeStamp);
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, in Path path, OpenMode mode)
+    protected override Result DoOpenFile(ref UniqueRef<IFile> outFile, ref readonly Path path, OpenMode mode)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, in Path path,
+    protected override Result DoOpenDirectory(ref UniqueRef<IDirectory> outDirectory, ref readonly Path path,
         OpenDirectoryMode mode)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateFile(in Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
+    protected override Result DoCreateFile(ref readonly Path path, long size, CreateFileOptions option)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteFile(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCreateDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectory(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoDeleteDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(in Path path)
+    protected override Result DoCleanDirectoryRecursively(ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameFile(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameFile(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         using var currentFullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref currentFullPath.Ref(), in currentPath);
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(in Path currentPath, in Path newPath)
+    protected override Result DoRenameDirectory(ref readonly Path currentPath, ref readonly Path newPath)
     {
         using var currentFullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref currentFullPath.Ref(), in currentPath);
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ public class SubdirectoryFileSystem : IFileSystem
     }
 
     protected override Result DoQueryEntry(Span<byte> outBuffer, ReadOnlySpan<byte> inBuffer, QueryId queryId,
-        in Path path)
+        ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var fullPath = new Path();
         Result res = ResolveFullPath(ref fullPath.Ref(), in path);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/SwitchStorage.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public class SwitchStorage : IStorage
     private SharedRef<IStorage> _falseStorage;
     private Func<bool> _storageSelectionFunction;
 
-    public SwitchStorage(in SharedRef<IStorage> trueStorage, in SharedRef<IStorage> falseStorage,
+    public SwitchStorage(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> trueStorage, ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> falseStorage,
         Func<bool> storageSelectionFunction)
     {
         _trueStorage = SharedRef<IStorage>.CreateCopy(in trueStorage);
@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ public class RegionSwitchStorage : IStorage
     private SharedRef<IStorage> _outsideRegionStorage;
     private Region _region;
 
-    public RegionSwitchStorage(in SharedRef<IStorage> insideRegionStorage,
-        in SharedRef<IStorage> outsideRegionStorage, Region region)
+    public RegionSwitchStorage(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> insideRegionStorage,
+        ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> outsideRegionStorage, Region region)
     {
         _insideRegionStorage = SharedRef<IStorage>.CreateCopy(in insideRegionStorage);
         _outsideRegionStorage = SharedRef<IStorage>.CreateCopy(in outsideRegionStorage);

src/LibHac/FsSystem/UnionStorage.cs

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public class UnionStorage : IStorage
         return GetLogSize(blockSize) * blockCount + LogHeaderSize;
     }
 
-    public static Result Format(in ValueSubStorage storage, long blockSize)
+    public static Result Format(ref readonly ValueSubStorage storage, long blockSize)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresGreater(blockSize, 1);
         Assert.SdkRequires(BitUtil.IsPowerOfTwo(blockSize));
@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@ public class UnionStorage : IStorage
         return storage.Write(0, SpanHelpers.AsReadOnlyByteSpan(in header));
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(in ValueSubStorage baseStorage, in ValueSubStorage logStorage, long blockSize)
+    public Result Initialize(ref readonly ValueSubStorage baseStorage, ref readonly ValueSubStorage logStorage,
+        long blockSize)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresNull(_buffer);
 

src/LibHac/FsSystem/Utility.cs

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public class DummyEventNotifier : IEventNotifier
 /// <remarks>Based on nnSdk 13.4.0 (FS 13.1.0)</remarks>
 internal static class Utility
 {
-    public delegate Result FsIterationTask(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure);
+    public delegate Result FsIterationTask(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure);
 
     /// <summary>
     /// Used to pass various ref structs to an <see cref="FsIterationTask"/>.
@@ -145,8 +145,8 @@ internal static class Utility
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public static Result IterateDirectoryRecursively(IFileSystem fs, in Path rootPath, ref DirectoryEntry dirEntry,
-        FsIterationTask onEnterDir, FsIterationTask onExitDir, FsIterationTask onFile,
+    public static Result IterateDirectoryRecursively(IFileSystem fs, ref readonly Path rootPath,
+        ref DirectoryEntry dirEntry, FsIterationTask onEnterDir, FsIterationTask onExitDir, FsIterationTask onFile,
         ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
     {
         using var pathBuffer = new Path();
@@ -160,8 +160,8 @@ internal static class Utility
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public static Result CleanupDirectoryRecursively(IFileSystem fs, in Path rootPath, ref DirectoryEntry dirEntry,
-        FsIterationTask onEnterDir, FsIterationTask onExitDir, FsIterationTask onFile,
+    public static Result CleanupDirectoryRecursively(IFileSystem fs, ref readonly Path rootPath,
+        ref DirectoryEntry dirEntry, FsIterationTask onEnterDir, FsIterationTask onExitDir, FsIterationTask onFile,
         ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
     {
         using var pathBuffer = new Path();
@@ -172,12 +172,12 @@ internal static class Utility
             ref closure);
     }
 
-    public static Result CopyFile(IFileSystem destFileSystem, IFileSystem sourceFileSystem, in Path destPath,
-        in Path sourcePath, Span<byte> workBuffer)
+    public static Result CopyFile(IFileSystem destFileSystem, IFileSystem sourceFileSystem, ref readonly Path destPath,
+        ref readonly Path sourcePath, Span<byte> workBuffer)
     {
         // Open source file.
         using var sourceFile = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
-        Result res = sourceFileSystem.OpenFile(ref sourceFile.Ref, sourcePath, OpenMode.Read);
+        Result res = sourceFileSystem.OpenFile(ref sourceFile.Ref, in sourcePath, OpenMode.Read);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         res = sourceFile.Get.GetSize(out long fileSize);
@@ -210,9 +210,10 @@ internal static class Utility
     }
 
     public static Result CopyDirectoryRecursively(IFileSystem destinationFileSystem, IFileSystem sourceFileSystem,
-        in Path destinationPath, in Path sourcePath, ref DirectoryEntry dirEntry, Span<byte> workBuffer)
+        ref readonly Path destinationPath, ref readonly Path sourcePath, ref DirectoryEntry dirEntry,
+        Span<byte> workBuffer)
     {
-        static Result OnEnterDir(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
+        static Result OnEnterDir(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
         {
             Result res = closure.DestinationPathBuffer.AppendChild(entry.Name);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -220,12 +221,12 @@ internal static class Utility
             return closure.SourceFileSystem.CreateDirectory(in closure.DestinationPathBuffer);
         }
 
-        static Result OnExitDir(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
+        static Result OnExitDir(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
         {
             return closure.DestinationPathBuffer.RemoveChild();
         }
 
-        static Result OnFile(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
+        static Result OnFile(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
         {
             Result res = closure.DestinationPathBuffer.AppendChild(entry.Name);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -242,7 +243,7 @@ internal static class Utility
         closure.SourceFileSystem = sourceFileSystem;
         closure.DestFileSystem = destinationFileSystem;
 
-        Result res = closure.DestinationPathBuffer.Initialize(destinationPath);
+        Result res = closure.DestinationPathBuffer.Initialize(in destinationPath);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         res = IterateDirectoryRecursively(sourceFileSystem, in sourcePath, ref dirEntry, OnEnterDir, OnExitDir,
@@ -252,17 +253,17 @@ internal static class Utility
         return res;
     }
 
-    public static Result CopyDirectoryRecursively(IFileSystem fileSystem, in Path destinationPath,
-        in Path sourcePath, ref DirectoryEntry dirEntry, Span<byte> workBuffer)
+    public static Result CopyDirectoryRecursively(IFileSystem fileSystem, ref readonly Path destinationPath,
+        ref readonly Path sourcePath, ref DirectoryEntry dirEntry, Span<byte> workBuffer)
     {
         var closure = new FsIterationTaskClosure();
         closure.Buffer = workBuffer;
         closure.SourceFileSystem = fileSystem;
 
-        Result res = closure.DestinationPathBuffer.Initialize(destinationPath);
+        Result res = closure.DestinationPathBuffer.Initialize(in destinationPath);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
-        static Result OnEnterDir(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
+        static Result OnEnterDir(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
         {
             Result res = closure.DestinationPathBuffer.AppendChild(entry.Name);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -270,12 +271,12 @@ internal static class Utility
             return closure.SourceFileSystem.CreateDirectory(in closure.DestinationPathBuffer);
         }
 
-        static Result OnExitDir(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
+        static Result OnExitDir(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
         {
             return closure.DestinationPathBuffer.RemoveChild();
         }
 
-        static Result OnFile(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
+        static Result OnFile(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
         {
             Result res = closure.DestinationPathBuffer.AppendChild(entry.Name);
             if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
@@ -296,10 +297,10 @@ internal static class Utility
 
     public static Result VerifyDirectoryRecursively(IFileSystem fileSystem, Span<byte> workBuffer)
     {
-        static Result OnEnterAndExitDir(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure) =>
+        static Result OnEnterAndExitDir(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure) =>
             Result.Success;
 
-        static Result OnFile(in Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
+        static Result OnFile(ref readonly Path path, in DirectoryEntry entry, ref FsIterationTaskClosure closure)
         {
             using var file = new UniqueRef<IFile>();
 
@@ -336,7 +337,7 @@ internal static class Utility
             OnEnterAndExitDir, OnFile, ref closure);
     }
 
-    private static Result EnsureDirectoryImpl(IFileSystem fileSystem, in Path path)
+    private static Result EnsureDirectoryImpl(IFileSystem fileSystem, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         using var pathCopy = new Path();
         bool isFinished;
@@ -378,7 +379,7 @@ internal static class Utility
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    public static Result EnsureDirectory(IFileSystem fileSystem, in Path path)
+    public static Result EnsureDirectory(IFileSystem fileSystem, ref readonly Path path)
     {
         Result res = fileSystem.GetEntryType(out _, in path);
 

src/LibHac/Gc/GameCardEmulated.cs

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public sealed class GameCardEmulated : IGcApi
         };
     }
 
-    public void InsertGameCard(in SharedRef<IStorage> storage)
+    public void InsertGameCard(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> storage)
     {
         _attached = false;
         _activated = false;

src/LibHac/Gc/IGcApi.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace LibHac.Gc;
 public interface IGcApi
 {
     IGcWriterApi Writer { get; }
-    void InsertGameCard(in SharedRef<IStorage> storage);
+    void InsertGameCard(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> storage);
     void RemoveGameCard();
     void PresetInternalKeys(ReadOnlySpan<byte> gameCardKey, ReadOnlySpan<byte> gameCardCertificate);
     void Initialize(Memory<byte> workBuffer, ulong deviceBufferAddress);

src/LibHac/GcSrv/GameCardManager.cs

@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ public class GameCardManager : IStorageDeviceManager, IStorageDeviceOperator, IG
         return new WriteOnlyGameCardStorage(ref manager.Ref, _gc);
     }
 
-    private SharedRef<IStorageDevice> CreateStorageDeviceNonSecure(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage,
+    private SharedRef<IStorageDevice> CreateStorageDeviceNonSecure(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage,
         GameCardHandle handle)
     {
         using SharedRef<IGameCardManager> manager = SharedRef<IGameCardManager>.Create(in _selfReference);
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ public class GameCardManager : IStorageDeviceManager, IStorageDeviceOperator, IG
         return SharedRef<IStorageDevice>.CreateMove(ref storageDevice.Ref);
     }
 
-    private SharedRef<IStorageDevice> CreateStorageDeviceSecure(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage,
+    private SharedRef<IStorageDevice> CreateStorageDeviceSecure(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage,
         GameCardHandle handle, ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardDeviceId, ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardImageHash)
     {
         using SharedRef<IGameCardManager> manager = SharedRef<IGameCardManager>.Create(in _selfReference);

src/LibHac/GcSrv/GameCardStorage.cs

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ internal abstract class GameCardStorageInterfaceAdapter : IStorageSf
 {
     private SharedRef<IStorage> _baseStorage;
 
-    protected GameCardStorageInterfaceAdapter(in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage)
+    protected GameCardStorageInterfaceAdapter(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage)
     {
         _baseStorage = SharedRef<IStorage>.CreateCopy(in baseStorage);
     }

src/LibHac/GcSrv/GameCardStorageDevice.cs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ internal class GameCardStorageDevice : GameCardStorageInterfaceAdapter, IStorage
     private readonly IGcApi _gc;
 
     private GameCardStorageDevice(IGcApi gc, ref SharedRef<IGameCardManager> manager,
-        in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, GameCardHandle handle) : base(in baseStorage)
+        ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, GameCardHandle handle) : base(in baseStorage)
     {
         _manager = SharedRef<IGameCardManager>.CreateMove(ref manager);
         _handle = handle;
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ internal class GameCardStorageDevice : GameCardStorageInterfaceAdapter, IStorage
     }
 
     private GameCardStorageDevice(IGcApi gc, ref SharedRef<IGameCardManager> manager,
-        in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, GameCardHandle handle, bool isSecure, ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardDeviceId,
-        ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardImageHash)
+        ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, GameCardHandle handle, bool isSecure,
+        ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardDeviceId, ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardImageHash)
         : base(in baseStorage)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresEqual(cardDeviceId.Length, Values.GcCardDeviceIdSize);
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ internal class GameCardStorageDevice : GameCardStorageInterfaceAdapter, IStorage
     }
 
     public static SharedRef<GameCardStorageDevice> CreateShared(IGcApi gc, ref SharedRef<IGameCardManager> manager,
-        in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, GameCardHandle handle)
+        ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, GameCardHandle handle)
     {
         var storageDevice = new GameCardStorageDevice(gc, ref manager, in baseStorage, handle);
 
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ internal class GameCardStorageDevice : GameCardStorageInterfaceAdapter, IStorage
     }
 
     public static SharedRef<GameCardStorageDevice> CreateShared(IGcApi gc, ref SharedRef<IGameCardManager> manager,
-        in SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, GameCardHandle handle, bool isSecure, ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardDeviceId,
-        ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardImageHash)
+        ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> baseStorage, GameCardHandle handle, bool isSecure,
+        ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardDeviceId, ReadOnlySpan<byte> cardImageHash)
     {
         var storageDevice = new GameCardStorageDevice(gc, ref manager, in baseStorage, handle, isSecure, cardDeviceId,
             cardImageHash);

src/LibHac/Kernel/InitialProcessBinaryReader.cs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public class InitialProcessBinaryReader : IDisposable
         _storage.Destroy();
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(in SharedRef<IStorage> binaryStorage)
+    public Result Initialize(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> binaryStorage)
     {
         if (!binaryStorage.HasValue)
             return ResultLibHac.NullArgument.Log();
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public class InitialProcessBinaryReader : IDisposable
 
         // There's no metadata with the offsets of each KIP; they're all stored sequentially in the file.
         // Read the size of each KIP to get their offsets.
-        res = GetKipOffsets(out _offsets, binaryStorage, _header.ProcessCount);
+        res = GetKipOffsets(out _offsets, in binaryStorage, _header.ProcessCount);
         if (res.IsFailure()) return res.Miss();
 
         _storage.SetByCopy(in binaryStorage);
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ public class InitialProcessBinaryReader : IDisposable
         return Result.Success;
     }
 
-    private static Result GetKipOffsets(out (int offset, int size)[] kipOffsets, in SharedRef<IStorage> iniStorage,
-        int processCount)
+    private static Result GetKipOffsets(out (int offset, int size)[] kipOffsets,
+        ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> iniStorage, int processCount)
     {
         Assert.SdkRequiresLessEqual(processCount, MaxProcessCount);
 

src/LibHac/Kernel/KipReader.cs

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public class KipReader : IDisposable
         _kipStorage.Destroy();
     }
 
-    public Result Initialize(in SharedRef<IStorage> kipData)
+    public Result Initialize(ref readonly SharedRef<IStorage> kipData)
     {
         if (!kipData.HasValue)
             return ResultLibHac.NullArgument.Log();

src/LibHac/Lr/ILocationResolver.cs

@@ -7,23 +7,23 @@ namespace LibHac.Lr;
 public interface ILocationResolver : IDisposable
 {
     Result ResolveProgramPath(out Path path, ProgramId id);
-    Result RedirectProgramPath(in Path path, ProgramId id);
+    Result RedirectProgramPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id);
     Result ResolveApplicationControlPath(out Path path, ProgramId id);
     Result ResolveApplicationHtmlDocumentPath(out Path path, ProgramId id);
     Result ResolveDataPath(out Path path, DataId id);
-    Result RedirectApplicationControlPath(in Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
-    Result RedirectApplicationHtmlDocumentPath(in Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
+    Result RedirectApplicationControlPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
+    Result RedirectApplicationHtmlDocumentPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
     Result ResolveApplicationLegalInformationPath(out Path path, ProgramId id);
-    Result RedirectApplicationLegalInformationPath(in Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
+    Result RedirectApplicationLegalInformationPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
     Result Refresh();
-    Result RedirectApplicationProgramPath(in Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
+    Result RedirectApplicationProgramPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
     Result ClearApplicationRedirection(InArray<ProgramId> excludingIds);
     Result EraseProgramRedirection(ProgramId id);
     Result EraseApplicationControlRedirection(ProgramId id);
     Result EraseApplicationHtmlDocumentRedirection(ProgramId id);
     Result EraseApplicationLegalInformationRedirection(ProgramId id);
     Result ResolveProgramPathForDebug(out Path path, ProgramId id);
-    Result RedirectProgramPathForDebug(in Path path, ProgramId id);
-    Result RedirectApplicationProgramPathForDebug(in Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
+    Result RedirectProgramPathForDebug(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id);
+    Result RedirectApplicationProgramPathForDebug(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
     Result EraseProgramRedirectionForDebug(ProgramId id);
 }

src/LibHac/Lr/IRegisteredLocationResolver.cs

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ namespace LibHac.Lr;
 public interface IRegisteredLocationResolver : IDisposable
 {
     Result ResolveProgramPath(out Path path, ProgramId id);
-    Result RegisterProgramPath(in Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
+    Result RegisterProgramPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
     Result UnregisterProgramPath(ProgramId id);
-    Result RedirectProgramPath(in Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
+    Result RedirectProgramPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
     Result ResolveHtmlDocumentPath(out Path path, ProgramId id);
-    Result RegisterHtmlDocumentPath(in Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
+    Result RegisterHtmlDocumentPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id, ProgramId ownerId);
     Result UnregisterHtmlDocumentPath(ProgramId id);
-    Result RedirectHtmlDocumentPath(in Path path, ProgramId id);
+    Result RedirectHtmlDocumentPath(ref readonly Path path, ProgramId id);
     Result Refresh();
     Result RefreshExcluding(ReadOnlySpan<ProgramId> ids);
 }